Investigation of protective level of rabies antibodies in vaccinated dogs in Chennai, India.
Journal
Veterinary record open
ISSN: 2052-6113
Titre abrégé: Vet Rec Open
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101653671
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Dec 2021
Dec 2021
Historique:
received:
23
09
2020
revised:
05
02
2021
accepted:
22
02
2021
entrez:
13
5
2021
pubmed:
14
5
2021
medline:
14
5
2021
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Rabies is still endemic in India causing an estimated 20,000 human deaths a year. Free roaming dogs and unvaccinated owned dogs play a major role in the maintenance of the disease. Dog vaccination is the most crucial aspect of rabies prevention and control strategies; therefore vaccine immunogenicity and longevity are important determinants of the efficiency of rabies control efforts. In this study at Madras Veterinary College, India, a total of 297 serum samples were collected from owned dogs that were vaccinated against rabies. Data regarding age, gender, breed, neuter status and last date of vaccination were collected at the time of blood collection. The level of rabies virus neutralising antibodies in the sera of these dogs was measured through rapid focus fluorescence inhibition test. The factors associated with protective level of rabies antibodies in vaccinated dogs were investigated through multivariable regression analysis. This cross-sectional investigation shows that only 40% (119/297) of the all the dogs in the study showed presence of protective level of anti-rabies antibodies, and 40% (72/180) of the dogs vaccinated within the last year showed presence of protective levels of antibodies causing concern about rabies vaccine quality and its impact on rabies control. The study also shows that older and neutered dogs are more likely to have protective titre among vaccinated dogs, while non-descript breed dogs are less likely to have a protective titre compared to pure breeds. In this study 60% (108/180) of young prima dogs and adult dogs did not show protective levels of antibodies within the year of last rabies vaccination, although they had previous vaccination history. This high percentage of apparent non-responders is a cause of concern of administration, distribution, storage, potency and quality management of vaccines in India.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
Rabies is still endemic in India causing an estimated 20,000 human deaths a year. Free roaming dogs and unvaccinated owned dogs play a major role in the maintenance of the disease. Dog vaccination is the most crucial aspect of rabies prevention and control strategies; therefore vaccine immunogenicity and longevity are important determinants of the efficiency of rabies control efforts.
METHODS
METHODS
In this study at Madras Veterinary College, India, a total of 297 serum samples were collected from owned dogs that were vaccinated against rabies. Data regarding age, gender, breed, neuter status and last date of vaccination were collected at the time of blood collection. The level of rabies virus neutralising antibodies in the sera of these dogs was measured through rapid focus fluorescence inhibition test. The factors associated with protective level of rabies antibodies in vaccinated dogs were investigated through multivariable regression analysis.
RESULTS
RESULTS
This cross-sectional investigation shows that only 40% (119/297) of the all the dogs in the study showed presence of protective level of anti-rabies antibodies, and 40% (72/180) of the dogs vaccinated within the last year showed presence of protective levels of antibodies causing concern about rabies vaccine quality and its impact on rabies control. The study also shows that older and neutered dogs are more likely to have protective titre among vaccinated dogs, while non-descript breed dogs are less likely to have a protective titre compared to pure breeds.
CONCLUSION
CONCLUSIONS
In this study 60% (108/180) of young prima dogs and adult dogs did not show protective levels of antibodies within the year of last rabies vaccination, although they had previous vaccination history. This high percentage of apparent non-responders is a cause of concern of administration, distribution, storage, potency and quality management of vaccines in India.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33981442
doi: 10.1002/vro2.8
pii: VRO28
pmc: PMC8110021
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Pagination
e8Informations de copyright
© 2021 The Authors. Veterinary Record Open published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of British Veterinary Association.
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