Diabetic neuropathy: A narrative review of risk factors, classification, screening and current pathogenic treatment options (Review).
benfotiamine
diabetes mellitus
diabetic foot
diabetic neuropathy
sensory neuropathy
α-lipoic acid
Journal
Experimental and therapeutic medicine
ISSN: 1792-0981
Titre abrégé: Exp Ther Med
Pays: Greece
ID NLM: 101531947
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Jul 2021
Jul 2021
Historique:
received:
22
01
2021
accepted:
22
02
2021
entrez:
14
5
2021
pubmed:
15
5
2021
medline:
15
5
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is a frequent complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) with severe consequences as it progresses and influences all human body systems. This review discusses the risk factors for DN, the main characteristics of the clinical forms of DN, the screening methods and the current therapeutic options. Distal symmetric DN is the primary clinical form, and DM patients should be screened for this complication. The most important treatment of DN remains good glucose control, generally defined as HbA1c ≤7%. Symptomatic treatment improves life quality in diabetic patients. Pharmacological agents such as alpha (α)-lipoic acid and benfotiamine have been validated in several studies since they act on specific pathways such as increased oxidative stress (α-lipoic acid exerts antioxidant effects) and the excessive production of advanced glycosylation products (benfotiamine may inhibit their production via the normalization of glucose). Timely diagnosis of DN is significant to avoid several complications, including lower limb amputations and cardiac arrhythmias.
Identifiants
pubmed: 33986855
doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.10122
pii: ETM-0-0-10122
pmc: PMC8111877
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Pagination
690Informations de copyright
Copyright: © Bondar et al.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
NK has given talks, attended conferences and participated in trials sponsored by Astra Zeneca, Bausch Health, Boehringer Ingelheim, Elpen, Mylan, Novo Nordisk, Sanofi and Servier. APS is currently Vice President of the Romanian National Diabetes Committee and has given talks, attended conferences and participated in advisory boards sponsored by Astra Zeneca, Novo Nordisk, Sanofi, Medtronic, Roche, Lilly, Merck, Amgen and Coca-Cola. NP has been an advisory board member of Astra-Zeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, MSD, Novo Nordisk, Pfizer, Takeda and TrigoCare International; has participated in sponsored studies by Astra-Zeneca, Eli-Lilly, GSK, MSD, Novo Nordisk, Novartis and Sanofi-Aventis; has received honoraria as a speaker for Astra-Zeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli-Lilly, Elpen, MSD, Mylan, Novo Nordisk, Pfizer, Sanofi-Aventis and Vianex; and attended conferences sponsored by TrigoCare International, Eli-Lilly, Galenica, Novo Nordisk, Pfizer and Sanofi-Aventis. RAS has attended conferences sponsored by Novo Nordisk, Worwag Pharma, Eli-Lilly. The remaining authors have no competing interests to declare.
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