[Neurobiological principles of borderline personality disorder: integration into the ICD-11 model of personality disorders].
Neurobiologische Grundlagen der Borderline-Störung: eine Integration in das ICD-11-Modell der Persönlichkeitsstörungen.
Empathy
Hyperreactivity to negative stimuli
Self and interpersonal functioning
Self-control
Theory of mind
Journal
Der Nervenarzt
ISSN: 1433-0407
Titre abrégé: Nervenarzt
Pays: Germany
ID NLM: 0400773
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Jul 2021
Jul 2021
Historique:
accepted:
18
04
2021
pubmed:
22
5
2021
medline:
8
7
2021
entrez:
21
5
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a severe mental disorder associated with far-reaching impairments in the self and interpersonal functioning. The broad database has contributed to the fact that BPD remains the only categorical personality diagnosis in ICD-11, even if coupled to the determination of the severity of impairments. Nevertheless, we need to deal with a dimensional conceptualization of personality disorders-which is also supported by neuroscientific findings-at the latest in 2022 when the ICD-11 comes into effect . This narrative review provides an overview of neuroscientific findings regarding impairments in self and interpersonal functioning in patients with BPD. Alterations in the medial prefrontal cortex, temporoparietal junction and precuneus mediate deficits in self-referential thought processes and the mentalization of emotions and intentions of others. Enhanced connectivity between the amygdala and midline structures is associated with hypermentalization. At the same time, elevated insula activation seems to underlie the strengthened nonreflective parts of feelings of other people. Frontolimbic alterations are transdiagnostically associated with deficient emotional regulation and negative affectivity and alterations in reward and cognitive control regions are related to impulsivity. Neuroscientific findings help to have a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms of central functional impairments in BPD and can support the transition to ICD-11 as well as the implementation of new interventions. HINTERGRUND: Die Borderline-Persönlichkeitsstörung (BPS) ist eine schwere psychische Störung, die mit weitreichenden Beeinträchtigungen im Selbst und in interpersonellen Funktionen einhergeht. Nicht zuletzt vor dem Hintergrund der breiten Datenbasis bleibt die BPS als einzige kategoriale Persönlichkeitsdiagnose in der International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD) 11 bestehen, wenn auch gekoppelt an die Feststellung von Schweregraden von Beeinträchtigungen. Wir müssen uns also spätestens mit deren Inkrafttreten 2022 mit einer dimensionalen Konzeptualisierung von Persönlichkeitsstörungen auseinandersetzen, welche auch durch neurowissenschaftliche Daten unterstützt wird. Dieses narrative Review gibt einen Überblick über neurowissenschaftliche Erkenntnisse zu Beeinträchtigungen im Selbst und in interpersonellen Funktionen bei Patienten mit BPS. Veränderungen im medialen präfrontalen Kortex, temporoparietalen Übergang und Präcuneus mediieren Defizite im selbstreferenziellen Denken und Mentalisieren der Gefühle und Intentionen anderer. Erhöhte Konnektivität zwischen Amygdala und Mittellinienstrukturen sind mit Hypermentalisierung assoziiert, die gleichzeitig erhöhte Insulaaktivierung scheint dem verstärkten unreflektierten Teilen von Gefühlen anderer Menschen zu unterliegen. Frontolimbische Veränderungen sind transdiagnostisch mit defizitärer Emotionsregulation und negativer Affektivität assoziiert, Veränderungen in Belohnungs- und kognitiven Kontrollregionen mit Impulsivität. Neurowissenschaftliche Befunde tragen zum besseren Verständnis zugrunde liegender Mechanismen zentraler Funktionsbeeinträchtigungen der BPS bei und können den Übergang zu ICD-11 und die Implementierung neuer Interventionen unterstützen.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a severe mental disorder associated with far-reaching impairments in the self and interpersonal functioning. The broad database has contributed to the fact that BPD remains the only categorical personality diagnosis in ICD-11, even if coupled to the determination of the severity of impairments. Nevertheless, we need to deal with a dimensional conceptualization of personality disorders-which is also supported by neuroscientific findings-at the latest in 2022 when the ICD-11 comes into effect .
OBJECTIVE
OBJECTIVE
This narrative review provides an overview of neuroscientific findings regarding impairments in self and interpersonal functioning in patients with BPD.
RESULTS
RESULTS
Alterations in the medial prefrontal cortex, temporoparietal junction and precuneus mediate deficits in self-referential thought processes and the mentalization of emotions and intentions of others. Enhanced connectivity between the amygdala and midline structures is associated with hypermentalization. At the same time, elevated insula activation seems to underlie the strengthened nonreflective parts of feelings of other people. Frontolimbic alterations are transdiagnostically associated with deficient emotional regulation and negative affectivity and alterations in reward and cognitive control regions are related to impulsivity.
CONCLUSION
CONCLUSIONS
Neuroscientific findings help to have a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms of central functional impairments in BPD and can support the transition to ICD-11 as well as the implementation of new interventions.
ZUSAMMENFASSUNG
UNASSIGNED
HINTERGRUND: Die Borderline-Persönlichkeitsstörung (BPS) ist eine schwere psychische Störung, die mit weitreichenden Beeinträchtigungen im Selbst und in interpersonellen Funktionen einhergeht. Nicht zuletzt vor dem Hintergrund der breiten Datenbasis bleibt die BPS als einzige kategoriale Persönlichkeitsdiagnose in der International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD) 11 bestehen, wenn auch gekoppelt an die Feststellung von Schweregraden von Beeinträchtigungen. Wir müssen uns also spätestens mit deren Inkrafttreten 2022 mit einer dimensionalen Konzeptualisierung von Persönlichkeitsstörungen auseinandersetzen, welche auch durch neurowissenschaftliche Daten unterstützt wird.
ZIEL DER ARBEIT
UNASSIGNED
Dieses narrative Review gibt einen Überblick über neurowissenschaftliche Erkenntnisse zu Beeinträchtigungen im Selbst und in interpersonellen Funktionen bei Patienten mit BPS.
ERGEBNISSE
UNASSIGNED
Veränderungen im medialen präfrontalen Kortex, temporoparietalen Übergang und Präcuneus mediieren Defizite im selbstreferenziellen Denken und Mentalisieren der Gefühle und Intentionen anderer. Erhöhte Konnektivität zwischen Amygdala und Mittellinienstrukturen sind mit Hypermentalisierung assoziiert, die gleichzeitig erhöhte Insulaaktivierung scheint dem verstärkten unreflektierten Teilen von Gefühlen anderer Menschen zu unterliegen. Frontolimbische Veränderungen sind transdiagnostisch mit defizitärer Emotionsregulation und negativer Affektivität assoziiert, Veränderungen in Belohnungs- und kognitiven Kontrollregionen mit Impulsivität.
DISKUSSION
CONCLUSIONS
Neurowissenschaftliche Befunde tragen zum besseren Verständnis zugrunde liegender Mechanismen zentraler Funktionsbeeinträchtigungen der BPS bei und können den Übergang zu ICD-11 und die Implementierung neuer Interventionen unterstützen.
Autres résumés
Type: Publisher
(ger)
HINTERGRUND: Die Borderline-Persönlichkeitsstörung (BPS) ist eine schwere psychische Störung, die mit weitreichenden Beeinträchtigungen im Selbst und in interpersonellen Funktionen einhergeht. Nicht zuletzt vor dem Hintergrund der breiten Datenbasis bleibt die BPS als einzige kategoriale Persönlichkeitsdiagnose in der International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD) 11 bestehen, wenn auch gekoppelt an die Feststellung von Schweregraden von Beeinträchtigungen. Wir müssen uns also spätestens mit deren Inkrafttreten 2022 mit einer dimensionalen Konzeptualisierung von Persönlichkeitsstörungen auseinandersetzen, welche auch durch neurowissenschaftliche Daten unterstützt wird.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34019118
doi: 10.1007/s00115-021-01133-w
pii: 10.1007/s00115-021-01133-w
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
ger
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
653-659Références
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