Evolutionary lability in floral ontogeny affects pollination biology in Trimezieae.
Trimezia
campo rupestre
bee pollination
floral biology
floral traits
flower evolution
heterochrony
nectar
oil flower
paedomorphosis
Journal
American journal of botany
ISSN: 1537-2197
Titre abrégé: Am J Bot
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 0370467
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
05 2021
05 2021
Historique:
received:
05
08
2020
accepted:
07
01
2021
pubmed:
22
5
2021
medline:
12
6
2021
entrez:
21
5
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
There is little direct evidence linking floral development and pollination biology in plants. We characterize both aspects in plain and ornamented flowers of Trimezieae (Iridaceae) to investigate how changes in floral ontogeny may affect their interactions with pollinators through time. We examined floral ontogeny in 11 species and documented pollination biology in five species displaying a wide range of floral morphologies. We coded and reconstructed ancestral states of flower types over the tribal phylogeny to estimate the frequency of transition between different floral types. All Trimezieae flowers are similar in early floral development, but ornamented flowers have additional ontogenetic steps compared with plain flowers, indicating heterochrony. Ornamented flowers have a hinge pollination mechanism (newly described here) and attract more pollinator guilds, while plain flowers offer less variety of resources for a shorter time. Although the ornamented condition is plesiomorphic in this clade, shifts to plain flowers have occurred frequently and abruptly during the past 5 million years, with some subsequent reversals. Heterochrony has resulted in labile morphological changes during flower evolution in Trimezieae. Counterintuitively, species with plain flowers, which are endemic to the campo rupestre, are derived within the tribe and show a higher specialization than the ornamented species, with the former being visited by pollen-collecting bees only.
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
828-843Informations de copyright
© 2021 Botanical Society of America.
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