Serum antibody response in COVID-19-recovered patients who retested positive.

COVID-19 RT-PCR SARS-CoV-2 false-negative reinfection retesting

Journal

Canada communicable disease report = Releve des maladies transmissibles au Canada
ISSN: 1188-4169
Titre abrégé: Can Commun Dis Rep
Pays: Canada
ID NLM: 9303729

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
07 May 2021
Historique:
entrez: 26 5 2021
pubmed: 27 5 2021
medline: 27 5 2021
Statut: epublish

Résumé

Research studies comparing antibody response from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases that retested positive (RP) using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and those who did not retest positive (NRP) were used to investigate a possible relationship between antibody response and retesting status. Seven data bases were searched. Research criteria included cohort and case-control studies, carried out worldwide and published before September 9, 2020, that compared the serum antibody levels of hospitalized COVID-19 cases that RP after discharge to those that did NRP. There is some evidence that immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibody levels in RP cases were lower compared with NRP cases. The hypothesis of incomplete clearance aligns with these findings. The possibility of false negative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR test results during viral clearance is also plausible, as concentration of the viral ribonucleic acid (RNA) in nasopharyngeal and fecal swabs fluctuate below the limits of RT-PCR detection during virus clearance. The probability of reinfection was less likely to be the cause of retesting positive because of the low risk of exposure where cases observed a 14 day-quarantine after discharge. More studies are needed to better explain the immune response of recovered COVID-19 cases retesting positive after discharge.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
Research studies comparing antibody response from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases that retested positive (RP) using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and those who did not retest positive (NRP) were used to investigate a possible relationship between antibody response and retesting status.
METHODS METHODS
Seven data bases were searched. Research criteria included cohort and case-control studies, carried out worldwide and published before September 9, 2020, that compared the serum antibody levels of hospitalized COVID-19 cases that RP after discharge to those that did NRP.
RESULTS RESULTS
There is some evidence that immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibody levels in RP cases were lower compared with NRP cases. The hypothesis of incomplete clearance aligns with these findings. The possibility of false negative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR test results during viral clearance is also plausible, as concentration of the viral ribonucleic acid (RNA) in nasopharyngeal and fecal swabs fluctuate below the limits of RT-PCR detection during virus clearance. The probability of reinfection was less likely to be the cause of retesting positive because of the low risk of exposure where cases observed a 14 day-quarantine after discharge.
CONCLUSION CONCLUSIONS
More studies are needed to better explain the immune response of recovered COVID-19 cases retesting positive after discharge.

Identifiants

pubmed: 34035665
doi: 10.14745/ccdr.v47i04a03
pii: 470403
pmc: PMC8127687
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Pagination

195-201

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

Competing interests: None to declare.

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Auteurs

Nicole Atchessi (N)

Health Security and Operations Branch, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, ON.

Megan Striha (M)

Health Security and Operations Branch, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, ON.

Rojiemiahd Edjoc (R)

Health Security and Operations Branch, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, ON.

Christine Abalos (C)

Health Security and Operations Branch, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, ON.

Amanda Lien (A)

Health Security and Operations Branch, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, ON.

Lisa Waddell (L)

Public Health Risk Sciences Division, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, MB.

Imran Gabrani-Juma (I)

Health Security and Operations Branch, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, ON.

Emily Thompson (E)

Health Security and Operations Branch, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, ON.

Thomas Dawson (T)

Health Security and Operations Branch, Public Health Agency of Canada, Ottawa, ON.

Classifications MeSH