Fecal Stream Diversion Changes Intestinal Environment, Modulates Mucosal Barrier, and Attenuates Inflammatory Cells in Crohn's Disease.
Crohn’s disease
Fecal stream diversion
Human
Immunity
Microbiome
Journal
Digestive diseases and sciences
ISSN: 1573-2568
Titre abrégé: Dig Dis Sci
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 7902782
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
06 2022
06 2022
Historique:
received:
30
09
2020
accepted:
11
05
2021
pubmed:
28
5
2021
medline:
9
6
2022
entrez:
27
5
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The intestinal environment plays important roles in mucosal barrier homeostasis and intestinal inflammation, as clarified in studies using experimental animals but not in humans. We investigated whether environmental changes in the fecal stream cause phenotypic changes in the human mucosal barrier. We obtained human ileal samples after fecal stream diversions in patients with rectal cancer or Crohn's disease. We investigated the bacterial load and diversity in the human defunctioned ileum, defined as the anal side of the ileum relative to the ileostomy. We also examined the epithelium and lamina propria cell phenotypes in the defunctioned ileum. After fecal stream diversion, bacterial loads decreased significantly in the defunctioned ileum. Based on the Chao1, Shannon, and observed species indices, the diversity of mucosa-associated microbiota was lower in the defunctioned ileum than in the functional ileum. Moreover, the healthy defunctioned ileum showed reductions in villous height, goblet cell numbers, and Ki-67 Fecal stream diversion reduced the abundance and diversity of intestinal bacteria. It also altered the intestinal mucosal barrier, similar to the alterations observed in germ-free animals. In patients with Crohn's disease, Th1 and Th17 cell numbers were attenuated, which suggests that the host-microbiome interaction is important in disease pathogenesis.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
The intestinal environment plays important roles in mucosal barrier homeostasis and intestinal inflammation, as clarified in studies using experimental animals but not in humans.
AIMS
We investigated whether environmental changes in the fecal stream cause phenotypic changes in the human mucosal barrier.
METHODS
We obtained human ileal samples after fecal stream diversions in patients with rectal cancer or Crohn's disease. We investigated the bacterial load and diversity in the human defunctioned ileum, defined as the anal side of the ileum relative to the ileostomy. We also examined the epithelium and lamina propria cell phenotypes in the defunctioned ileum.
RESULTS
After fecal stream diversion, bacterial loads decreased significantly in the defunctioned ileum. Based on the Chao1, Shannon, and observed species indices, the diversity of mucosa-associated microbiota was lower in the defunctioned ileum than in the functional ileum. Moreover, the healthy defunctioned ileum showed reductions in villous height, goblet cell numbers, and Ki-67
CONCLUSIONS
Fecal stream diversion reduced the abundance and diversity of intestinal bacteria. It also altered the intestinal mucosal barrier, similar to the alterations observed in germ-free animals. In patients with Crohn's disease, Th1 and Th17 cell numbers were attenuated, which suggests that the host-microbiome interaction is important in disease pathogenesis.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34041649
doi: 10.1007/s10620-021-07060-9
pii: 10.1007/s10620-021-07060-9
doi:
Substances chimiques
Interleukin-17
0
Interferon-gamma
82115-62-6
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
2143-2157Informations de copyright
© 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
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