Occupational Exposures and Environmental Health Hazards of Military Personnel.
biomarkers
environmental pollution
molecular epidemiology
occupational exposures
soldiers
Journal
International journal of environmental research and public health
ISSN: 1660-4601
Titre abrégé: Int J Environ Res Public Health
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101238455
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
18 05 2021
18 05 2021
Historique:
received:
30
03
2021
revised:
05
05
2021
accepted:
09
05
2021
entrez:
2
6
2021
pubmed:
3
6
2021
medline:
25
6
2021
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Military personnel are frequently exposed to environmental pollutants that can cause a variety of diseases. This review analyzed publications regarding epidemiological and biomonitoring studies on occupationally-exposed military personnel. The exposures include sulfur mustard, organ chlorines, combustion products, fuel vapors, and ionizing and exciting radiations. Important factors to be considered are the lengths and intensities of exposures, its proximity to the sources of environmental pollutants, as well as confounding factors (cigarette smoke, diet, photo-type, healthy warrior effect, etc.). Assessment of environmental and individual exposures to pollutants is crucial, although often omitted, because soldiers have often been evaluated based on reported health problems rather than on excessive exposure to pollutants. Biomarkers of exposures and effects are tools to explore relationships between exposures and diseases in military personnel. Another observation from this review is a major problem from the lack of suitable control groups. This review indicates that only studies which analyzed epidemiological and molecular biomarkers in both exposed and control groups would provide evidence-based conclusions on exposure and disease risk in military personnel.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
Military personnel are frequently exposed to environmental pollutants that can cause a variety of diseases.
METHODS
This review analyzed publications regarding epidemiological and biomonitoring studies on occupationally-exposed military personnel.
RESULTS
The exposures include sulfur mustard, organ chlorines, combustion products, fuel vapors, and ionizing and exciting radiations. Important factors to be considered are the lengths and intensities of exposures, its proximity to the sources of environmental pollutants, as well as confounding factors (cigarette smoke, diet, photo-type, healthy warrior effect, etc.). Assessment of environmental and individual exposures to pollutants is crucial, although often omitted, because soldiers have often been evaluated based on reported health problems rather than on excessive exposure to pollutants. Biomarkers of exposures and effects are tools to explore relationships between exposures and diseases in military personnel. Another observation from this review is a major problem from the lack of suitable control groups.
CONCLUSIONS
This review indicates that only studies which analyzed epidemiological and molecular biomarkers in both exposed and control groups would provide evidence-based conclusions on exposure and disease risk in military personnel.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34070145
pii: ijerph18105395
doi: 10.3390/ijerph18105395
pmc: PMC8158372
pii:
doi:
Substances chimiques
Environmental Pollutants
0
Smoke
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
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