Effect of Coxsackievirus B4 Infection on the Thymus: Elucidating Its Role in the Pathogenesis of Type 1 Diabetes.
Coxsackievirus B
autoimmunity
enterovirus
fetal and perinatal life
self-tolerance
thymus
type diabetes
viruses
Journal
Microorganisms
ISSN: 2076-2607
Titre abrégé: Microorganisms
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101625893
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
29 May 2021
29 May 2021
Historique:
received:
31
03
2021
revised:
12
05
2021
accepted:
26
05
2021
entrez:
2
6
2021
pubmed:
3
6
2021
medline:
3
6
2021
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
The thymus gland is a primary lymphoid organ for T-cell development. Various viral infections can result in disturbance of thymic functions. Medullary thymic epithelial cells (mTECs) are important for the negative selection of self-reactive T-cells to ensure central tolerance. Insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) is the dominant self-peptide of the insulin family expressed in mTECs and plays a crucial role in the intra-thymic programing of central tolerance to insulin-secreting islet β-cells. Coxsackievirus B4 (CVB4) can infect and persist in the thymus of humans and mice, thus hampering the T-cell maturation and differentiation process. The modulation of IGF2 expression and protein synthesis during a CVB4 infection has been observed in vitro and in vivo in mouse models. The effect of CVB4 infections on human and mouse fetal thymus has been studied in vitro. Moreover, following the inoculation of CVB4 in pregnant mice, the thymic function in the fetus and offspring was disturbed. A defect in the intra-thymic expression of self-peptides by mTECs may be triggered by CVB4. The effects of viral infections, especially CVB4 infection, on thymic cells and functions and their possible role in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes (T1D) are presented.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34072590
pii: microorganisms9061177
doi: 10.3390/microorganisms9061177
pmc: PMC8229779
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
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