Developing and user testing new pharmacy label formats-A study to inform labelling standards.
health communication
labelling
labels
medicine information
Journal
Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy
ISSN: 1369-7625
Titre abrégé: Health Expect
Pays: England
ID NLM: 9815926
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
08 2021
08 2021
Historique:
revised:
23
12
2020
received:
10
09
2020
accepted:
10
01
2021
pubmed:
3
6
2021
medline:
26
10
2021
entrez:
2
6
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Dispensed prescription medicine labels (prescription labels) are important information sources supporting safe and appropriate medicines use. To develop and user test patient-centred prescription label formats. Five stages: developing 12 labels for four fictitious medicines of varying dosage forms; diagnostic user testing of labels (Round 1) with 40 consumers (each testing three labels); iterative label revision, and development of Round 2 labels (n = 7); user testing of labels (Round 2) with 20 consumers (each testing four labels); labelling recommendations. Evaluated labels stated the active ingredient and brand name, using various design features (eg upper case and bold). Dosing was expressed differently across labels: frequency of doses/day, approximate times of day (eg morning), explicit times (eg 7 to 9 AM), and/or explicit dosing interval. Participants' ability to find and understand medicines information and plan a dosing schedule were assessed. Participants demonstrated satisfactory ability to find and understand the dosage for all label formats. Excluding active ingredient and dosing schedule, 14/19 labels (8/12 in Round 1; 6/7 in Round 2) met industry standard on performance. Participants' ability to correctly identify the active ingredient varied, with clear medicine name sign-posting enabling all participants evaluating these labels to find and understand the active ingredient. When planning a dosing schedule, doses were correctly spaced if the label stated a dosing interval, or frequency of doses/day. Two-thirds planned appropriate dosing schedules using a dosing table. Effective prescription label formatting and sign-posting of active ingredient improved communication of information on labels, potentially supporting safe medicines use. Consumers actively contributed to the development of dispensed prescription medicine labels. Feedback from consumers following the first round was incorporated in revisions of the labels for the next round. Patient and public involvement in this study was critical to the development of readable and understandable dispensed prescription medicine labels.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
Dispensed prescription medicine labels (prescription labels) are important information sources supporting safe and appropriate medicines use.
OBJECTIVE
To develop and user test patient-centred prescription label formats.
METHODS
Five stages: developing 12 labels for four fictitious medicines of varying dosage forms; diagnostic user testing of labels (Round 1) with 40 consumers (each testing three labels); iterative label revision, and development of Round 2 labels (n = 7); user testing of labels (Round 2) with 20 consumers (each testing four labels); labelling recommendations. Evaluated labels stated the active ingredient and brand name, using various design features (eg upper case and bold). Dosing was expressed differently across labels: frequency of doses/day, approximate times of day (eg morning), explicit times (eg 7 to 9 AM), and/or explicit dosing interval. Participants' ability to find and understand medicines information and plan a dosing schedule were assessed.
RESULTS
Participants demonstrated satisfactory ability to find and understand the dosage for all label formats. Excluding active ingredient and dosing schedule, 14/19 labels (8/12 in Round 1; 6/7 in Round 2) met industry standard on performance. Participants' ability to correctly identify the active ingredient varied, with clear medicine name sign-posting enabling all participants evaluating these labels to find and understand the active ingredient. When planning a dosing schedule, doses were correctly spaced if the label stated a dosing interval, or frequency of doses/day. Two-thirds planned appropriate dosing schedules using a dosing table.
CONCLUSIONS
Effective prescription label formatting and sign-posting of active ingredient improved communication of information on labels, potentially supporting safe medicines use.
PATIENT AND PUBLIC INVOLVEMENT
Consumers actively contributed to the development of dispensed prescription medicine labels. Feedback from consumers following the first round was incorporated in revisions of the labels for the next round. Patient and public involvement in this study was critical to the development of readable and understandable dispensed prescription medicine labels.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34076940
doi: 10.1111/hex.13203
pmc: PMC8369108
doi:
Substances chimiques
Prescription Drugs
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1125-1136Informations de copyright
© 2021 The Authors. Health Expectations published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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