Characterization of the rabbit conjunctiva: Effects of sulfur mustard.
Eyelids
Goblet cells
Mucin 1
Mucin 4
Mucin 5ac
Vesicants
Journal
Experimental and molecular pathology
ISSN: 1096-0945
Titre abrégé: Exp Mol Pathol
Pays: Netherlands
ID NLM: 0370711
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
08 2021
08 2021
Historique:
received:
12
01
2021
revised:
16
04
2021
accepted:
29
05
2021
pubmed:
4
6
2021
medline:
16
11
2021
entrez:
3
6
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Sulfur mustard (SM; bis (2-chloroethyl) sulfide) is a potent vesicant which causes irritation of the conjunctiva and damage to the cornea. In the present studies, we characterized the ocular effects of SM in New Zealand white rabbits. Within one day of exposure to SM, edema and hazing of the cornea were observed, followed by neovascularization which persisted for at least 28 days. This was associated with upper and lower eyelid edema and conjunctival inflammation. The conjunctiva is composed of a proliferating epithelium largely consisting of stratified columnar epithelial cells overlying a well-defined dermis. Superficial layers of the conjunctival epithelium were found to express keratin 1, a marker of differentiating squamous epithelium, while in cells overlying the basement membrane expressed keratin 17, a marker of stratified squamous epithelium. SM exposure upregulated keratin 17 expression. Mucin 5 ac producing goblet cells were interspersed within the conjunctiva. These cells generated both acidic and neutral mucins. Increased numbers of goblet cells producing neutral mucins were evident after SM exposure; upregulation of expression of membrane-associated mucin 1 and mucin 4 in the superficial layers of the conjunctival epithelium were also noted. These data demonstrate that ocular exposure of rabbits to SM causes significant damage not only to the cornea, but to the eyelid and conjunctiva, suggesting multiple targets within the eye that should be assessed when evaluating the efficacy of potential countermeasures.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34081961
pii: S0014-4800(21)00055-1
doi: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2021.104656
pmc: PMC9006340
mid: NIHMS1787565
pii:
doi:
Substances chimiques
Chemical Warfare Agents
0
Mucin-1
0
Mucin-4
0
Mustard Gas
T8KEC9FH9P
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
104656Subventions
Organisme : NIEHS NIH HHS
ID : P30 ES005022
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIEHS NIH HHS
ID : R25 ES020721
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIAMS NIH HHS
ID : U54 AR055073
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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