Relationship between endothelin and nitric oxide pathways in the onset and maintenance of hypertension in children and adolescents.
Adolescents
Children
Endothelin-1
Hypertension
Nitric oxide
Obesity
Journal
Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany)
ISSN: 1432-198X
Titre abrégé: Pediatr Nephrol
Pays: Germany
ID NLM: 8708728
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
03 2022
03 2022
Historique:
received:
14
03
2021
accepted:
17
05
2021
revised:
03
05
2021
pubmed:
5
6
2021
medline:
16
4
2022
entrez:
4
6
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The mechanisms that regulate blood pressure are numerous and complex; one mechanism that plays an important role in this scenario is represented by the balance between the vasoconstrictor effect of endothelin-1 and the vasodilator effect of nitric oxide. While there is agreement on the fact that increased endothelin-1 activity and decreased nitric oxide bioavailability are present in hypertensive adults, the situation is less clear in children and adolescents. Not all studies agree on the finding of an increase in plasma endothelin-1 levels in hypertensive children and adolescents; in addition, the picture is often confused by the concomitant presence of obesity, a condition that stimulates the production of endothelin-1. Furthermore, there is recent evidence that, in younger obese and hypertensive subjects, there is an overproduction of nitric oxide, rather than a reduction. This condition may change over time, causing endothelial dysfunction due to a reduced availability of nitric oxide in hypertensive adolescents. The purpose of this review is to address the main biochemical and pathophysiological aspects of endothelin and nitric oxide involvement in hypertension and to summarize the available scientific evidence on their role in the onset and maintenance of high blood pressure in children and adolescents.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34085102
doi: 10.1007/s00467-021-05144-2
pii: 10.1007/s00467-021-05144-2
pmc: PMC8921137
doi:
Substances chimiques
Endothelin-1
0
Endothelins
0
Nitric Oxide
31C4KY9ESH
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
537-545Informations de copyright
© 2021. The Author(s).
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