Impacts of Canada's cannabis legalization on police-reported crime among youth: early evidence.
Canada
cannabis legalization
cannabis-related crime
police-reported crime
uniform crime reporting survey
youth
Journal
Addiction (Abingdon, England)
ISSN: 1360-0443
Titre abrégé: Addiction
Pays: England
ID NLM: 9304118
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
12 2021
12 2021
Historique:
revised:
26
10
2020
received:
21
07
2020
accepted:
21
04
2021
pubmed:
5
6
2021
medline:
16
11
2021
entrez:
4
6
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Canada's 2018 Cannabis Act allows youth (age 12-17 years) to possess up to 5 g of dried cannabis (or equivalent) for personal consumption/sharing. This study assessed whether the Cannabis Act was associated with changes in police-reported cannabis offences among youth in Canada. Time series model using national daily criminal incident data from January 1, 2015-December 31, 2018 from the Canadian Uniform Crime Reporting Survey (UCR-2). Seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average time series models, stratified by sex, assessed the relations between legalization and youth cannabis-related offences. Canada, 2015-2018. Police-reported cannabis-related offenses among youth age 12-17 years (male, n = 32 178; female, n = 9001). Outcomes: police-reported cannabis-related crimes, property crimes, and violent crimes. Covariate: calendar-month. For females, legalization was associated with a step-effect decrease of 4.56 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 3.32, 5.81; P < 0.001) police-reported cannabis-related criminal offences per day, an effect equivalent to a 64.6% (standard error [SE] = 33.5%) reduction. For males, legalization was associated with a drop of 12.73 (95% CI = 8.82, 16.64; P < 0.001) cannabis-related offences per day, equaling a decrease of 57.7% (SE = 22.6%). Results were inconclusive as to whether there were associations between cannabis legalization and patterns of property crimes or violent crimes. Implementation of the Cannabis Act in Canada in 2018 appears to have been associated with decreases of 55%-65% in cannabis-related crimes among male and female youth.
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
3454-3462Subventions
Organisme : CIHR
ID : CU3-163011
Pays : Canada
Informations de copyright
© 2021 Society for the Study of Addiction.
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