Survival following screening and preemptive antifungal therapy for subclinical cryptococcal disease in advanced HIV infection.
Journal
AIDS (London, England)
ISSN: 1473-5571
Titre abrégé: AIDS
Pays: England
ID NLM: 8710219
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
01 10 2021
01 10 2021
Historique:
pubmed:
9
6
2021
medline:
25
9
2021
entrez:
8
6
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Our study's primary objective was to compare 1-year survival rates between serum cryptococcal antigen (sCrAg)-positive and sCrAg-negative HIV-positive individuals with CD4+ cell counts less than 100 cells/μl without symptoms of meningitis in Zimbabwe. This was a prospective cohort study. Participants were enrolled as either sCrAg-positive or sCrAg-negative and followed up for 52 weeks or less, with death as the outcome. Lumbar punctures were recommended to all sCrAg-positives and inpatient management with intravenous amphotericin B and high-dose fluconazole was recommended to those with disseminated Cryptococcus. Antiretroviral therapy was initiated immediately in sCrAg-negatives and after at least 4 weeks following initiation of antifungals in sCrAg-positives. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to determine risk factors for mortality. We enrolled 1320 participants and 130 (9.8%) were sCrAg positive, with a median sCrAg titre of 1 : 20. Sixty-six (50.8%) sCrAg-positives had lumbar punctures and 16.7% (11/66) had central nervous system (CNS) dissemination. Cryptococcal blood cultures were performed in 129 sCrAg-positives, with 10 (7.8%) being positive. One-year (48-52 weeks) survival rates were 83.9 and 76.1% in sCrAg-negatives and sCrAg-positives, respectively, P = 0.011. Factors associated with increased mortality were a positive sCrAg, CD4+ cell count less than 50 cells/μl and having presumptive tuberculosis (TB) symptoms. Our study reports a high prevalence of subclinical cryptococcal antigenemia and reiterates the importance of TB and a positive sCrAg as risk factors for mortality in advanced HIV disease (AHD). Therefore, TB and sCrAg screening remains a crucial component of AHD package, hence it should always be part of the comprehensive clinical evaluation in AHD patients.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34101629
doi: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000002971
pii: 00002030-202110010-00005
pmc: PMC8416705
mid: NIHMS1710705
doi:
Substances chimiques
Antifungal Agents
0
Antigens, Fungal
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1929-1938Subventions
Organisme : NIAID NIH HHS
ID : K08 AI104348
Pays : United States
Organisme : CGH CDC HHS
ID : U01 GH000737
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2021 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
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