Diazotrophs for Lowering Nitrogen Pollution Crises: Looking Deep Into the Roots.
nitrogen fixation
nitrogen pollution
nitrogen use efficiency
rhizobia
slow-releasing fertilizers
Journal
Frontiers in microbiology
ISSN: 1664-302X
Titre abrégé: Front Microbiol
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101548977
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2021
2021
Historique:
received:
04
12
2020
accepted:
24
03
2021
entrez:
10
6
2021
pubmed:
11
6
2021
medline:
11
6
2021
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
During and after the green revolution in the last century, agrochemicals especially nitrogen (N) were extensively used. However, it resulted in a remarkable increase in crop yield but drastically reduced soil fertility; increased the production cost, food prices, and carbon footprints; and depleted the fossil reserves with huge penalties to the environment and ecological sustainability. The groundwater, rivers, and oceans are loaded with N excess which is an environmental catastrophe. Nitrogen emissions (e.g., ammonia, nitrogen oxide, nitrous oxide) play an important role in global climate change and contribute to particulate matter and acid rain causing respiratory problems, cancers, and damage to forests and buildings. Therefore, the nitrogen-polluted planet Earth needs concerted global efforts to avoid the disaster. Improved agricultural N management focuses on the synchronization of crop N demand and N supply along with improving the N-use efficiency of the crops. However, there is very little focus on the natural sources of N available for plants in the form of diazotrophic bacteria present inside or on the root surface and the rhizosphere. These diazotrophs are the mini-nitrogen factories that convert available (78%) atmospheric N
Identifiants
pubmed: 34108945
doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.637815
pmc: PMC8180554
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Pagination
637815Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2021 Imran, Hakim, Tariq, Nawaz, Laraib, Gulzar, Hanif, Siddique, Hayat, Fraz and Ahmad.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
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