Advances in exosome therapies in ophthalmology-From bench to clinical trial.
clinical trial
exosome
extracellular vesicle
gene delivery
miRNA
nucleic acid
ophthalmology
Journal
Acta ophthalmologica
ISSN: 1755-3768
Titre abrégé: Acta Ophthalmol
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101468102
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
May 2022
May 2022
Historique:
received:
22
08
2020
accepted:
20
05
2021
pubmed:
12
6
2021
medline:
15
4
2022
entrez:
11
6
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
During the last decade, the fields of advanced and personalized therapeutics have been constantly evolving, utilizing novel techniques such as gene editing and RNA therapeutic approaches. However, the method of delivery and tissue specificity remain the main hurdles of these approaches. Exosomes are natural carriers of functional small RNAs and proteins, representing an area of increasing interest in the field of drug delivery. It has been demonstrated that the exosome cargo, especially miRNAs, is at least partially responsible for the therapeutic effects of exosomes. Exosomes deliver their luminal content to the recipient cells and can be used as vesicles for the therapeutic delivery of RNAs and proteins. Synthetic therapeutic drugs can also be encapsulated into exosomes as they have a hydrophilic core, which makes them suitable to carry water-soluble drugs. In addition, engineered exosomes can display a variety of surface molecules, such as peptides, to target specific cells in tissues. The exosome properties present an added advantage to the targeted delivery of therapeutics, leading to increased efficacy and minimizing the adverse side effects. Furthermore, exosomes are natural nanoparticles found in all cell types and as a result, they do not elicit an immune response when administered. Exosomes have also demonstrated decreased long-term accumulation in tissues and organs and thus carry a low risk of systemic toxicity. This review aims to discuss all the advances in exosome therapies in ophthalmology and to give insight into the challenges that would need to be overcome before exosome therapies can be translated into clinical practice.
Substances chimiques
MicroRNAs
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
243-252Subventions
Organisme : Medical Research Council
ID : MR/T027932/1
Pays : United Kingdom
Informations de copyright
© 2021 The Authors. Acta Ophthalmologica published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Acta Ophthalmologica Scandinavica Foundation.
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