Anthropogenic disturbance favours generalist over specialist parasites in bird communities: Implications for risk of disease emergence.
Haemosporidian
amplification effect
avian
dilution effect
disease ecology
emerging infectious disease
epidemiology
infection dynamics
pathogen
vector-borne disease
Journal
Ecology letters
ISSN: 1461-0248
Titre abrégé: Ecol Lett
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101121949
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Sep 2021
Sep 2021
Historique:
revised:
10
04
2021
received:
06
04
2021
accepted:
03
05
2021
pubmed:
14
6
2021
medline:
13
8
2021
entrez:
13
6
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Niche theory predicts specialists which will be more sensitive to environmental perturbation compared to generalists, a hypothesis receiving broad support in free-living species. Based on their niche breadth, parasites can also be classified as specialists and generalists, with specialists infecting only a few and generalists a diverse array of host species. Here, using avian haemosporidian parasites infecting wild bird populations inhabiting the Western Ghats, India as a model system, we elucidate how climate, habitat and human disturbance affects parasite prevalence both directly and indirectly via their effects on host diversity. Our data demonstrate that anthropogenic disturbance acts to reduce the prevalence of specialist parasite lineages, while increasing that of generalist lineages. Thus, as in free-living species, disturbance favours parasite communities dominated by generalist versus specialist species. Because generalist parasites are more likely to cause emerging infectious diseases, such biotic homogenisation of parasite communities could increase disease emergence risk in the Anthropocene.
Types de publication
Letter
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1859-1868Subventions
Organisme : Science and Engineering Research Board
Organisme : U.S. Department of Energy
ID : DE-EM0004391
Organisme : National Geographic Society
Informations de copyright
© 2021 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
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