Gastrointestinal manifestations of human immunodeficiency virus and coronavirus disease 2019: Understanding the intersecting regions between the two epidemics.
Antiretroviral
COVID-19
Gastrointestinal manifestations
HIV
SARS-CoV-2
Journal
Arab journal of gastroenterology : the official publication of the Pan-Arab Association of Gastroenterology
ISSN: 2090-2387
Titre abrégé: Arab J Gastroenterol
Pays: Egypt
ID NLM: 101298363
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Jun 2021
Jun 2021
Historique:
received:
11
12
2020
revised:
07
04
2021
accepted:
24
05
2021
pubmed:
15
6
2021
medline:
13
8
2021
entrez:
14
6
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared coronavirus disease (COVID-19) a pandemic. As of February 2021, there were 107 million COVID-19 cases worldwide. As a comparison, there are approximately 38 million people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV) worldwide. The coexistence of both epidemics, and the syndemic effect of both viruses could lead to a delirious impact both at individual and community levels. Many intersecting points were found between severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of COVID-19, and HIV; among which, gastrointestinal (GI) manifestations are the most notable. GI manifestations represent a common clinical presentation in both HIV and SARS-CoV-2. The emergence of GI symptoms as a result of SARS-CoV-2 infection provides a new dynamic to COVID-19 diagnosis, management, and infection control measures, and adds an additional diagnostic challenge in case of coinfection with HIV. The presence of GI manifestations in PLHIV during the COVID-19 pandemic could be referred to HIV enteropathy, presence of opportunistic infection, adverse effect of antiretrovirals, or coinfection with COVID-19. Thus, it is important to exclude SARS-CoV-2 in patients who present with new-onset GI manifestations, especially in PLHIV, to avoid the risk of disease transmission during endoscopic interventions. Structural similarities between both viruses adds a valuable intersecting point, which has mutual benefits in the management of both viruses. These similarities led to the hypothesis that antiretrovirals such as lopinavir/Rironavir have a role in the management of COVID-19, which was the target of our search strategy using the available evidence. These similarities may also facilitate the development of an efficient HIV vaccine in the future using the advances in COVID-19 vaccine development.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34120849
pii: S1687-1979(21)00036-8
doi: 10.1016/j.ajg.2021.05.014
pmc: PMC8149211
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
75-87Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2021 Pan-Arab Association of Gastroenterology. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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