Food security in African Canadian communities: a scoping review.
Journal
JBI evidence synthesis
ISSN: 2689-8381
Titre abrégé: JBI Evid Synth
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101764819
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
01 01 2022
01 01 2022
Historique:
pubmed:
22
6
2021
medline:
2
2
2022
entrez:
21
6
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The objective of this review is to chart the evidence relating to food security among African Canadian communities to inform future research and offer insight related to food security in African Canadian communities. Achieving food security is of global importance to meet the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. As a social determinant of health, food security, which refers to the unrestricted physical, economic, and timely access to safe and nutritious foods, impacts more than 4 million Canadians. Yet, little is known about food security and the differential impacts of food insecurity among African Canadians. This scoping review sought to describe the current state of food security among African Canadians. Sources were considered for inclusion if they: i) focused on Canada, ii) involved African Canadians, and iii) examined food security. This scoping review was conducted in accordance with JBI methodology. Databases and relevant websites containing peer-reviewed, unpublished, and gray literature were searched. Ancestry searching and forward citation tracing were completed. No restrictions were placed on date of publication. Language restrictions were limited to English and French. In instances where articles were unavailable, authors of potential sources were contacted at the full-text review phase to request access to their article. Data were extracted independently by two team members, and are presented narratively and in tabular format. The search of databases yielded a total of 1183 records. Ancestry tracing yielded 287 records. After removing duplicates, 1075 titles and abstracts were screened for eligibility and 80 advanced to full-text screening. Seventy-five full-text articles were excluded for not meeting the inclusion criteria, leaving five articles that underwent data extraction. All five included studies involved African Canadian participants in Canada. All studies focused on adults; one study included women and men participants, while four focused exclusively on women. One study involving women participants included cisgender and transgender women as well as those identifying as queer. Study designs reflected qualitative (n = 2), quantitative (n = 1), and mixed methods (n = 2) designs. This review begins to fill a gap in understanding the current evidence available on food security as it impacts African Canadians. The findings of this review represent existing research, describing the type of evidence available and methodologies used, before suggesting implications for research and practice. The inclusion of only five studies reveals the limited evidence regarding the current state of food security among African Canadians. Further, included studies were exclusively conducted in urban settings and predominantly in one province. There is a need for further research in rural communities, in other provinces and territories, as well as with younger and older participants. The urgent need to collect race-disaggregated data in Canada is evident.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34149022
doi: 10.11124/JBIES-20-00394
pii: 02174543-202201000-00003
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
37-59Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2021 JBI.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
Références
World Health Organization. WHO Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) [internet]. n.d. [cited 2020 Aug 24]. Available from: https://www.who.int/health-topics/sustainable-development-goals#tab=tab_3.
UNICEF. The state of food security and nutrition in the world 2020 [internet]. 2020 [cited 2020 Aug 24]. Available from: https://data.unicef.org/resources/sofi-2020/.
World Food Summit. Report of the World Food Summit. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. 1996 [cited 2020 Aug 24]. Available from: http://www.fao.org/3/w3548e/w3548e00.htm.
World Health Organization. Nutrition: food systems [internet]. 2018 [cited 2020 Aug 24]. Available from: http://www.emro.who.int/nutrition/food-security/.
Gibson M. Food security-a commentary: what is it and why is it so complicated? Foods 2012;1 (1):18–27.
Menezes F. Food sovereignty: a vital requirement for food security in the context of globalization. Development 2001;44 (4):29–33.
Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) of the United Nations. Food security information for action: practical guides. An introduction to the basic concepts of food security [internet]. 2008 [cited 2020 Aug 24]. Available from: http://www.fao.org/3/al936e/al936e00.pdf.
Tarasuk V, Mitchell A, Dachner N. Household food insecurity in Canada, 2012. Research to identify policy options to reduce food insecurity (PROOF). Toronto, Ontario [internet]. 2014 [cited 2020 Aug 24]. Available from: https://proof.utoronto.ca/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/Household_Food_Insecurity_in_Canada-2012_ENG.pdf.
Raphael D. Social determinants of health: Canadian perspectives. 3rd ed. Toronto, Ontario: Canadian Scholar's Press, 2016.
Keon W, Pépin L. Population health policy issues and options. Fourth report of the Subcommittee on Population Health of the Standing Senate Committee on Social Affairs, Science and Technology [internet]. 2008 [cited 2020 Aug 24]. Available from: https://sencanada.ca/content/sen/Committee/392/soci/rep/rep10apr08-e.pdf.
Solar O, Irwin A. A conceptual framework for action on the social determinants of health: social determinants of health discussion paper 2 (policy and practice) [internet]. 2010 [cited 2020 Aug 24]. Available from: https://www.who.int/sdhconference/resources/ConceptualframeworkforactiononSDH_eng.pdf.
McLeod C, Lavis J, Mustard C, Stoddart G. Income inequality, household income and health status in Canada: a perspective cohort study. Am J Public Health 2003;93 (8):1287–1293.
Eisenmann J, Gundersen C, Lohman B, Garasky S, Stewart S. Is food insecurity related to overweight and obesity in children and adolescents? A summary of studies, 1995–2009. Obes Rev 2011;12 (5):e73–e83.
Rose-Jacobs R, Black MM, Casey PH, Cook JT, Cutts DB, Chilton M, et al. Household food insecurity: associations with at-risk infant and toddler development. Pediatrics 2008;121 (1):65–72.
Cook J, Frank D, Levenson S, Neault N, Heeren T. Child food insecurity increases risks posed by household food insecurity to young children's health. J Nutr 2006;136 (4):1073–1076.
Yau A, Adams J, White M. Is food security associated with diet and health? A cross-sectional online panel of adults in the UK. Lancet 2018;392:S96.
Ray E, Holben D, Holcomb J. Food security status and produce intake behaviors, health status, and diabetes risk among women with children living on a Navajo reservation. J Hunger Environ Nutr 2012;7 (1):91–100.
Kirkpatrick S, Tarasuk V. Food insecurity is associated with nutrient inadequacies among Canadian adults and adolescents. J Nutr 2018;138 (3):604–612.
Chan J, Demelo M, Gingras J, Gucciardi E. Challenges of diabetes self-management in adults affected by food insecurity in a large urban centre of Ontario, Canada. Int J Endocrinol 2015;2015:903486.
Anema A, Chan K, Chen Y, Weiser S, Montaner J, Hogg R. Relationship between food insecurity and mortality among HIV-positive injection drug users receiving antiretroviral therapy in British Columbia, Canada. PLoS One 2013;8 (5):e61277.
Statistics Canada. Data tables: 2016 census [internet]. 2016 [cited 2020 Aug 24]. Available from: https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/dt-td/Index-eng.cfm
Jefferies K, Tomblin Murphy G, Helwig M. Food security in African Canadian communities: a scoping review protocol. JBI Evid Synth 2019;18 (5):1108–15.
Pachai B. People of the maritimes. Halifax, Nova Scotia: Nimbus; 1997.
African Nova Scotian Affairs. African Nova Scotian community: a look back [internet]. 2019 [cited 2020 Aug 24]. Available from: https://ansa.novascotia.ca/community.
United Nations Report. Report of the Working Group of Experts on People of African Descent on its mission to Canada. Human Rights Council [internet]. 2017 [cited 2020 Aug 24]. Available from: https://ansa.novascotia.ca/sites/default/files/files/report-of-the-working-group-of-experts-on-people-of-african-descent-on-its-mission-to-canada.pdf.
Rodney P, Copeland E. The health status of Black Canadians: do aggregated racial and ethnic variables hide health disparities. J Health Care Poor Underserved 2009;20 (3):817–823.
Evans J, Butler L, Etowa J, Crawley I, Rayson D, Bell D. Gendered and cultured relations: exploring African Nova Scotians’ perceptions and experiences of breast and prostate cancer. Res Theory Nurs Pract 2005;19 (3):257–273.
Enang J. The childbirth experiences of African Nova Scotian women [internet]. 1999 [cited 2021 Mar 23]. Available from: https://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0015/MQ49348.pdf.
Waldron I. There's something in the water: environmental racism in Indigenous and Black communities. Black Point, Nova Scotia: Winnipeg; Fernwood; 2018.
Kisely S, Terashima M, Langille D. A population-based analysis of the experience of African Nova Scotians. CMAJ 2008;179 (7):653–658.
PROOF: Food insecurity policy research. Household food insecurity in Canada. 2020 [cited 2020 Aug 24]. Available from: https://proof.utoronto.ca/food-insecurity/.
Peters MDJ, Godfrey C, McInerney P, Baldini Soares C, Khalil H, Parker D. Chapter 11: Scoping Reviews. In: Aromataris E, Munn Z, editors. JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis (formerly JBI Reviewer's Manual) [internet]. Adelaide: JBI; 2017 [cited 2020 Aug 24]. Available from: https://synthesismanual.jbi.global.
Tricco AC, Lillie E, Zarin W, O’Brien KK, Colquhoun H, Levac D, et al. PRISMA extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR): checklist and explanation. Ann Intern Med 2018;169 (7):467–473.
Blanchet R, Nana CP, Sanou D, Batal M, Giroux I. Dietary acculturation among black immigrant families living in Ottawa-a qualitative study. Ecol Food Nutr 2018;57 (3):223–245.
Logie C, Wang Y, Marcus N, Kaida A, O’Brien N, Nicholson V, et al. Factors associated with the separate and concurrent experiences of food and housing insecurity among women living with HIV in Canada. AIDS Behav 2018;22 (9):3100–3110.
Moffat T, Mohammed C, Newbold KB. Cultural dimensions of food insecurity among immigrants and refugees. Hum Org 2017;76 (1):15–27.
Quintanilha M, Mayan M, Jarman M, Bell RC. Prevalence and experiences of food insecurity among immigrant women connected to perinatal programs at a community-based organization in Edmonton, Canada. Int J Migr Health Soc Care 2019;15 (2):121–132.
Tarraf D, Sanou D, Blanchet R, Nana CP, Batal M, Giroux I. Prevalence and determinants of food insecurity in migrant Sub-Saharan African and Caribbean households in Ottawa, Canada. Int J Migr Health Soc Care 2018;14 (2):160–173.
Satia-Abouta J. Dietary acculturation: definition, process, assessment and implications. Int J Hum Ecol 2003;4 (1):71–86.
Désilets M-C, Rivard M, Shatenstein B, Delisle H. Dietary transition stages based on eating patterns and diet quality among Haitians of Montreal, Canada. Public Health Nutr 2007;10 (5):454–463.
Tapsell L, Neale E, Satija A, Hu F. Foods, nutrients, and dietary patterns: interconnections and implications for dietary guidelines. Adv Nutr 2016;7 (3):445–454.
Science Direct. Dietary pattern. Prevention of cardiovascular disease through the Mediterranean diet [internet]. 2018 [cited 2020 Aug 24]. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/dietary-pattern.
Borkhoff CM, Maguire JL, Birken CS, Macarthur R, Carsley S, Chen Y, et al. Meat and iron-rich food consumption in healthy Canadian infants. Pediatr Child Health (Canada) 2014;19 (6):e71.
Cooper Brathwaite A, Lemonde M. Health beliefs and practices of African immigrants in Canada. Clin Nurs Res 2016;25 (6):626–645.
Schroeder K, Smaldone A. Food insecurity: a concept analysis. Nurs Forum 2015;50 (4):274–284.
Fieldhouse P. Food and nutrition: customs and culture. 2nd ed.New York: Springer Science; 1995.
Tarasuk V, Mitchell A. Household food insecurity in Canada, 2017–2018. Toronto: Research to identify policy options to reduce food insecurity (PROOF) [internet]. 2020 [cited 2020 Aug 24]. Available from: https://proof.utoronto.ca/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/Household-Food-Insecurity-in-Canada-2017-2018-Full-Reportpdf.pdf.
Beagan B, Chapman G. Meanings of food, eating and health among African Nova Scotians: “certain things aren’t meant for Black folk”. Ethn Health 2012;17 (5):513–529.
Beagan BL, Ristovski-Slijepcevic S, Chapman GE. “People are just becoming more conscious of how everything's connected”: “ethical” food consumption in two regions of Canada. Sociology 2010;44 (4):751–769.
Health Canada. Canada's food guide: healthy eating resources [internet]. 2019 [cited 2020 Aug 24]. Available from: https://food-guide.canada.ca/en/healthy-eating-resources/.
Health Canada. Improving uptake and use of Health Canada's healthy eating recommendations [internet]. Canada's food guide consultation – phase 1 what we heard report. 2016 [cited 2020 Aug 24]. Available from: https://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/services/publications/food-nutrition/canada-food-guide-phase1-what-we-heard.html#a5.7.
Hope Blooms. Plant a seed – harvest a dream [internet]. 2021 [cited 2021 Mar 23]. Available from: https://hopeblooms.ca.
Maynard M, Dean J, Rodriguez P, Sriranganathan G, Qutub M, Kirkpatrick S. The experience of food insecurity among immigrants: a scoping review. J Int Migr Integr 2019;20 (2):375–417.
Sanou D, O’Reilly E, Ngnie-Teta I, Batal M, Mondain N, Andrew C, et al. Acculturation and nutritional health of immigrants in Canada: a scoping review. J Immigr Minor Health 2014;16 (1):24–34.