The Immunopathobiology of SARS-CoV-2 Infection.
ACE2
COVID-19 vaccines
SARS-CoV-2
cytokine storm
immunity
mutant viral variants
Journal
FEMS microbiology reviews
ISSN: 1574-6976
Titre abrégé: FEMS Microbiol Rev
Pays: England
ID NLM: 8902526
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
23 11 2021
23 11 2021
Historique:
received:
05
02
2021
accepted:
16
07
2021
pubmed:
24
6
2021
medline:
15
12
2021
entrez:
23
6
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can lead to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Virus-specific immunity controls infection, transmission and disease severity. With respect to disease severity, a spectrum of clinical outcomes occur associated with age, genetics, comorbidities and immune responses in an infected person. Dysfunctions in innate and adaptive immunity commonly follow viral infection. These are heralded by altered innate mononuclear phagocyte differentiation, activation, intracellular killing and adaptive memory, effector, and regulatory T cell responses. All of such affect viral clearance and the progression of end-organ disease. Failures to produce effective controlled antiviral immunity leads to life-threatening end-organ disease that is typified by the acute respiratory distress syndrome. The most effective means to contain SARS-CoV-2 infection is by vaccination. While an arsenal of immunomodulators were developed for control of viral infection and subsequent COVID-19 disease, further research is required to enable therapeutic implementation.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34160586
pii: 6308369
doi: 10.1093/femsre/fuab035
pmc: PMC8632753
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Subventions
Organisme : NINDS NIH HHS
ID : R01 NS036126
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : R01 MH115860
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIDA NIH HHS
ID : P01 DA028555
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : P30 MH062261
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIMH NIH HHS
ID : R01 MH121402
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIH HHS
ID : MH121402-01A1
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIA NIH HHS
ID : R01 AG043540
Pays : United States
Organisme : NCI NIH HHS
ID : F32 CA213620
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
© The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of FEMS.
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