NNT mediates redox-dependent pigmentation via a UVB- and MITF-independent mechanism.
Animals
Cell Line
Cohort Studies
Cyclic AMP
/ metabolism
DNA Damage
Enzyme Inhibitors
/ chemistry
Genetic Predisposition to Disease
Humans
Melanocytes
/ drug effects
Melanosomes
/ drug effects
Mice
Mice, Inbred C57BL
Microphthalmia-Associated Transcription Factor
/ metabolism
Mitochondria
/ drug effects
Monophenol Monooxygenase
/ genetics
NADP Transhydrogenases
/ antagonists & inhibitors
Oxidation-Reduction
/ drug effects
Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
/ genetics
Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex
/ metabolism
Proteolysis
/ drug effects
RNA, Messenger
/ genetics
Skin Pigmentation
/ drug effects
Ubiquitin
/ metabolism
Ultraviolet Rays
Zebrafish
MITF
UVB
melanosome
nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase
pigmentation
redox regulation
Journal
Cell
ISSN: 1097-4172
Titre abrégé: Cell
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 0413066
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
05 08 2021
05 08 2021
Historique:
received:
21
09
2020
revised:
09
03
2021
accepted:
15
06
2021
pubmed:
8
7
2021
medline:
6
1
2022
entrez:
7
7
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Ultraviolet (UV) light and incompletely understood genetic and epigenetic variations determine skin color. Here we describe an UV- and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF)-independent mechanism of skin pigmentation. Targeting the mitochondrial redox-regulating enzyme nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase (NNT) resulted in cellular redox changes that affect tyrosinase degradation. These changes regulate melanosome maturation and, consequently, eumelanin levels and pigmentation. Topical application of small-molecule inhibitors yielded skin darkening in human skin, and mice with decreased NNT function displayed increased pigmentation. Additionally, genetic modification of NNT in zebrafish alters melanocytic pigmentation. Analysis of four diverse human cohorts revealed significant associations of skin color, tanning, and sun protection use with various single-nucleotide polymorphisms within NNT. NNT levels were independent of UVB irradiation and redox modulation. Individuals with postinflammatory hyperpigmentation or lentigines displayed decreased skin NNT levels, suggesting an NNT-driven, redox-dependent pigmentation mechanism that can be targeted with NNT-modifying topical drugs for medical and cosmetic purposes.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34233163
pii: S0092-8674(21)00757-1
doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.06.022
pmc: PMC8349839
mid: NIHMS1720180
pii:
doi:
Substances chimiques
Enzyme Inhibitors
0
Microphthalmia-Associated Transcription Factor
0
RNA, Messenger
0
Ubiquitin
0
Cyclic AMP
E0399OZS9N
Monophenol Monooxygenase
EC 1.14.18.1
NADP Transhydrogenases
EC 1.6.1.-
Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex
EC 3.4.25.1
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
4268-4283.e20Subventions
Organisme : NIAMS NIH HHS
ID : R01 AR072304
Pays : United States
Organisme : NCI NIH HHS
ID : R00 CA218870
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIDDK NIH HHS
ID : P30 DK043351
Pays : United States
Organisme : NCATS NIH HHS
ID : UL1 TR002541
Pays : United States
Organisme : NCI NIH HHS
ID : P01 CA163222
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIAMS NIH HHS
ID : R01 AR076241
Pays : United States
Organisme : NCI NIH HHS
ID : R01 CA103846
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIDDK NIH HHS
ID : P30 DK057521
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIGMS NIH HHS
ID : R35 GM134957
Pays : United States
Organisme : Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council
ID : BB/I021213/1
Pays : United Kingdom
Organisme : NHLBI NIH HHS
ID : P01 HL142494
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIEHS NIH HHS
ID : P30 ES013508
Pays : United States
Organisme : NCI NIH HHS
ID : R01 CA222871
Pays : United States
Organisme : NIAMS NIH HHS
ID : R01 AR043369
Pays : United States
Commentaires et corrections
Type : CommentIn
Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
Declaration of interests D.E.F. and E.R. have a patent filed on “Methods and compositions for enhancing skin pigmentation” (publication number WO/2016/077817, May 19, 2016.). D.E.F. has a financial interest in Soltego, Inc., a company developing SIK inhibitors for topical skin darkening treatments that might be used for a broad set of human applications. D.E.F.’s interests were reviewed and are managed by Massachusetts General Hospital and Partners HealthCare in accordance with their conflict-of-interest policies. B.P.K. is an inventor on patents and patent applications filed by Mass General Brigham that describe genome engineering technologies. B.P.K. consults for Avectas Inc., ElevateBio, and EcoR1 capital and is an advisor to Acrigen Biosciences. Q.Y.W. is a shareholder in Mymiel Skincare. L.I.Z. is a founder and stockholder of Fate Therapeutics, CAMP4 Therapeutics, Amagma Therapeutics, and Scholar Rock. He is a consultant for Celularity and Cellarity. H.W. is an employee and shareholder of Johnson and Johnson.
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