Prevalence of vitamin A deficiency and dietary inadequacy in Indian school-age children and adolescents.
Adolescents
CNNS
India
NSSO
School-age children
Vitamin A deficiency
Journal
European journal of nutrition
ISSN: 1436-6215
Titre abrégé: Eur J Nutr
Pays: Germany
ID NLM: 100888704
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Feb 2022
Feb 2022
Historique:
received:
13
03
2021
accepted:
05
07
2021
pubmed:
13
7
2021
medline:
27
1
2022
entrez:
12
7
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
There are no representative estimates of vitamin A deficiency (VAD) and risk of vitamin A (VA) dietary inadequacy in Indian children and adolescents. To evaluate, from national surveys, the prevalence of VAD measured by serum retinol concentrations (< 0.7 µmol/L or < 20 µg/dL), and the risk of VA dietary inadequacy and excess intake beyond the tolerable upper limit (TUL). National and state-level VAD prevalence adjusted for inflammation was estimated in school-age children (5-9 years: 10,298) and adolescents (10-19 years: 9824) from the Comprehensive National Nutrition Survey (CNNS 2016-18). The risk of dietary inadequacy against age-specific average VA requirements, and excess intake against the TUL, was assessed from the National Sample Survey Office (NSSO 2014) data. Serum retinol concentrations increased with age (5-19 years) in both genders and were significantly lower in school-age children (1.02 µmol/L, CI: 1.01-1.03) compared to adolescents (1.13 µmol/L, CI 1.12-1.15). The inflammation-adjusted prevalence of VAD in school-age children and adolescents was 19.3% (CI 18.8-19.9) and 14.4% (CI 13.9-14.9) respectively, and this was > 20% in seven and four states for children and adolescents, respectively. The prevalence of VAD was significantly higher among children with lower socio-economic status. The risk of dietary VA inadequacy, from the NSSO survey, was 69 and 78% in children and adolescents, respectively. This risk reduced to 6 and 17% with VA fortified oil and milk intake, while the proportion of intakes exceeding the TUL became 6 and 0.5% in children and adolescents, respectively. The national prevalence of VAD in school-age children and adolescents in India was just less than 20%. The risk of dietary VA deficiency is likely to decline substantially with VA fortified food intake, but a risk of excessive intake also begins to appear; therefore, a careful assessment of the risk of hypervitaminosis A is required at these ages.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34251518
doi: 10.1007/s00394-021-02636-7
pii: 10.1007/s00394-021-02636-7
doi:
Substances chimiques
Vitamin A
11103-57-4
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
197-209Informations de copyright
© 2021. Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
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