Recognizing the Symptom Spectrum of Narcolepsy to Improve Timely Diagnosis: A Narrative Review.
cataplexy
diagnosis
diagnostic delay
narcolepsy type 1
pediatrics
polysomnography
screening
Journal
Nature and science of sleep
ISSN: 1179-1608
Titre abrégé: Nat Sci Sleep
Pays: New Zealand
ID NLM: 101537767
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2021
2021
Historique:
received:
15
02
2021
accepted:
23
06
2021
entrez:
15
7
2021
pubmed:
16
7
2021
medline:
16
7
2021
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Narcolepsy is a chronic sleep disorder with a strong negative impact on quality of life, especially when untreated. Diagnostic delay is a persistent problem, with obvious detrimental effects on patients. A diagnosis of narcolepsy may be delayed because of its broad symptom presentation which is much more encompassing than the classical "tetrad" of sleepiness, cataplexy, hallucinations, and sleep paralysis. Furthermore, symptoms can vary over time. Presentation of symptoms can also be markedly different between children and adults. Finally, common sleep-related comorbidities increase the risk of narcolepsy being masked by overlapping symptoms or treatment. In this review, we provide a detailed description of the broad and dynamic symptom spectrum of narcolepsy, with specific attention to the different manifestations in both adults and children. The overarching goal is to help not only sleep specialists, but general practitioners, pediatricians, and other caregivers with early recognition and prompt diagnosis of this severe but treatable disorder.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34262379
doi: 10.2147/NSS.S278046
pii: 278046
pmc: PMC8273742
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Pagination
1083-1096Informations de copyright
© 2021 Quaedackers et al.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
Dr Sigrid Pillen reports personal fees from Consultant for Conect4Children, outside the submitted work. Prof. Dr. Sebastiaan Overeem reports grants from UCB Pharma, during the conduct of the study; and consulting, paid to institution from Bioprojet, Takeda and Jazz Pharmaceuticals, outside the submitted work. The authors report no other potential conflicts of interest for this work.
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