Environmental Factors Modifying HDL Functionality.
HDL functionality
aerobic exercise
alcohol
cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC)
dietary habits
obesity
pharmacologic interventions
smoking
Journal
Current medicinal chemistry
ISSN: 1875-533X
Titre abrégé: Curr Med Chem
Pays: United Arab Emirates
ID NLM: 9440157
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2022
2022
Historique:
received:
06
02
2021
revised:
27
04
2021
accepted:
06
05
2021
pubmed:
17
7
2021
medline:
18
5
2022
entrez:
16
7
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Currently, it has been recognized that High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) functionality plays a much more essential role in protection from atherosclerosis than circulating HDLcholesterol (HDL-C) levels per se. Cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) from macrophages to HDL has been shown to be a key metric of HDL functionality. Thus, quantitative assessment of CEC may be an important tool for the evaluation of HDL functionality, as improvement of HDL function may lead to a reduction of the risk for Cardiovascular disease (CVD). Although the cardioprotective action of HDLs is exerted mainly through their involvement in the reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) pathway, HDLs have also important anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiaggregatory and anticoagulant properties that contribute to their favorable cardiovascular effects. Certain genetic, pathophysiologic, disease states and environmental conditions may influence the cardioprotective effects of HDL either by inducing modifications in lipidome and/or protein composition, or in the enzymes responsible for HDL metabolism. On the other hand, certain healthy habits or pharmacologic interventions may actually favorably affect HDL functionality. The present review discusses the effects of environmental factors, including obesity, smoking, alcohol consumption, dietary habits, various pharmacologic interventions, as well as aerobic exercise, on HDL functionality. Experimental and clinical studies or pharmacological interventions support the impact of these environmental factors in the modification of HDL functionality, although the involved mechanisms are not fully understood. Further research should be conducted to identify the underlying mechanisms of these environmental factors and to identify new pharmacologic interventions capable of enhancing CEC, improving HDL functionality and potentially improving cardiovascular risk.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
Currently, it has been recognized that High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) functionality plays a much more essential role in protection from atherosclerosis than circulating HDLcholesterol (HDL-C) levels per se. Cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) from macrophages to HDL has been shown to be a key metric of HDL functionality. Thus, quantitative assessment of CEC may be an important tool for the evaluation of HDL functionality, as improvement of HDL function may lead to a reduction of the risk for Cardiovascular disease (CVD).
INTRODUCTION
BACKGROUND
Although the cardioprotective action of HDLs is exerted mainly through their involvement in the reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) pathway, HDLs have also important anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiaggregatory and anticoagulant properties that contribute to their favorable cardiovascular effects. Certain genetic, pathophysiologic, disease states and environmental conditions may influence the cardioprotective effects of HDL either by inducing modifications in lipidome and/or protein composition, or in the enzymes responsible for HDL metabolism. On the other hand, certain healthy habits or pharmacologic interventions may actually favorably affect HDL functionality.
METHODS
METHODS
The present review discusses the effects of environmental factors, including obesity, smoking, alcohol consumption, dietary habits, various pharmacologic interventions, as well as aerobic exercise, on HDL functionality.
RESULTS
RESULTS
Experimental and clinical studies or pharmacological interventions support the impact of these environmental factors in the modification of HDL functionality, although the involved mechanisms are not fully understood.
CONCLUSION
CONCLUSIONS
Further research should be conducted to identify the underlying mechanisms of these environmental factors and to identify new pharmacologic interventions capable of enhancing CEC, improving HDL functionality and potentially improving cardiovascular risk.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34269662
pii: CMC-EPUB-116708
doi: 10.2174/0929867328666210714155422
doi:
Substances chimiques
Cholesterol, HDL
0
Lipoproteins, HDL
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1687-1701Informations de copyright
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