Sex, gender, and retinoblastoma: analysis of 4351 patients from 153 countries.
Journal
Eye (London, England)
ISSN: 1476-5454
Titre abrégé: Eye (Lond)
Pays: England
ID NLM: 8703986
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
08 2022
08 2022
Historique:
received:
09
03
2021
accepted:
25
06
2021
revised:
14
06
2021
pubmed:
18
7
2021
medline:
27
7
2022
entrez:
17
7
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
To investigate in a large global sample of patients with retinoblastoma whether sex predilection exists for this childhood eye cancer. A cross-sectional analysis including 4351 treatment-naive retinoblastoma patients from 153 countries who presented to 278 treatment centers across the world in 2017. The sex ratio (male/female) in the sample was compared to the sex ratio at birth by means of a two-sided proportions test at global level, country economic grouping, continent, and for selected countries. For the entire sample, the mean retinoblastoma sex ratio, 1.20, was higher than the weighted global sex ratio at birth, 1.07 (p < 0.001). Analysis at economic grouping, continent, and country-level demonstrated differences in the sex ratio in the sample compared to the ratio at birth in lower-middle-income countries (n = 1940), 1.23 vs. 1.07 (p = 0.019); Asia (n = 2276), 1.28 vs. 1.06 (p < 0.001); and India (n = 558), 1.52 vs. 1.11 (p = 0.008). Sensitivity analysis, excluding data from India, showed that differences remained significant for the remaining sample (χ No proof of sex predilection in retinoblastoma was found in the present study, which is estimated to include over half of new retinoblastoma patients worldwide in 2017. A high male to female ratio in Asian countries, India in specific, which may have had an impact on global-level analysis, is likely due to gender discrimination in access to care in these countries, rather than a biological difference between sexes.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34272514
doi: 10.1038/s41433-021-01675-y
pii: 10.1038/s41433-021-01675-y
pmc: PMC9307655
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1571-1577Subventions
Organisme : NCI NIH HHS
ID : K08 CA232344
Pays : United States
Informations de copyright
© 2021. The Author(s).
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