Animal Models of Tinnitus Treatment: Cochlear and Brain Stimulation.
Animal model
Auditory and limbic brain structures
Behavioral assays
Brain stimulation
Cochlear stimulation
Tinnitus
Journal
Current topics in behavioral neurosciences
ISSN: 1866-3370
Titre abrégé: Curr Top Behav Neurosci
Pays: Germany
ID NLM: 101535383
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2021
2021
Historique:
pubmed:
21
7
2021
medline:
1
9
2021
entrez:
20
7
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Neuromodulation, via stimulation of a variety of peripheral and central structures, is used to suppress tinnitus. However, investigative limitations in humans due to ethical reasons have made it difficult to decipher the mechanisms underlying treatment-induced tinnitus relief, so a number of animal models have arisen to address these unknowns. This chapter reviews animal models of cochlear and brain stimulation and assesses their modulatory effects on behavioral evidence of tinnitus and its related neural correlates. When a structure is stimulated, localized modulation, often presenting as downregulation of spontaneous neuronal spike firing rate, bursting and neurosynchrony, occurs within the brain area. Through anatomical projections and transmitter pathways, the interventions activate both auditory- and non-auditory structures by taking bottom-up ascending and top-down descending modes to influence their target brain structures. Furthermore, it is the brain oscillations that cochlear or brain stimulation evoke and connect the prefrontal cortex, striatal systems, and other limbic structures to refresh neural networks and relieve auditory, attentive, conscious, as well as emotional reactive aspects of tinnitus. This oscillatory neural network connectivity is achieved via the thalamocorticothalamic circuitry including the lemniscal and non-lemniscal auditory brain structures. Beyond existing technologies, the review also reveals opportunities for developing advanced animal models using new modalities to achieve precision neuromodulation and tinnitus abatement, such as optogenetic cochlear and/or brain stimulation.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34282563
doi: 10.1007/7854_2021_227
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
83-129Informations de copyright
© 2021. Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
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