Genotoxicity and inflammatory potential of stainless steel welding fume particles: an in vitro study on standard vs Cr(VI)-reduced flux-cored wires and the role of released metals.
Air Pollutants, Occupational
/ analysis
Bronchi
/ cytology
Cell Line
Cell Survival
/ drug effects
Chromium
/ analysis
DNA Damage
/ drug effects
Epithelial Cells
/ drug effects
Humans
Inflammation
/ chemically induced
Macrophages
/ drug effects
Occupational Exposure
/ adverse effects
Stainless Steel
/ analysis
THP-1 Cells
Welding
Comet assay
Cytokines
Cytotoxicity
Metal release
Nanoparticles
Journal
Archives of toxicology
ISSN: 1432-0738
Titre abrégé: Arch Toxicol
Pays: Germany
ID NLM: 0417615
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
09 2021
09 2021
Historique:
received:
20
05
2021
accepted:
29
06
2021
pubmed:
22
7
2021
medline:
8
1
2022
entrez:
21
7
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Welders are daily exposed to various levels of welding fumes containing several metals. This exposure can lead to an increased risk for different health effects which serves as a driving force to develop new methods that generate less toxic fumes. The aim of this study was to explore the role of released metals for welding particle-induced toxicity and to test the hypothesis that a reduction of Cr(VI) in welding fumes results in less toxicity by comparing the welding fume particles of optimized Cr(VI)-reduced flux-cored wires (FCWs) to standard FCWs. The welding particles were thoroughly characterized, and toxicity (cell viability, DNA damage and inflammation) was assessed following exposure to welding particles as well as their released metal fraction using cultured human bronchial epithelial cells (HBEC-3kt, 5-100 µg/mL) and human monocyte-derived macrophages (THP-1, 10-50 µg/mL). The results showed that all Cr was released as Cr(VI) for welding particles generated using standard FCWs whereas only minor levels (< 3% of total Cr) were released from the newly developed FCWs. Furthermore, the new FCWs were considerably less cytotoxic and did not cause any DNA damage in the doses tested. For the standard FCWs, the Cr(VI) released in cell media seemed to explain a large part of the cytotoxicity and DNA damage. In contrast, all particles caused rather similar inflammatory effects suggesting different underlying mechanisms. Taken together, this study suggests a potential benefit of substituting standard FCWs with Cr(VI)-reduced wires to achieve less toxic welding fumes and thus reduced risks for welders.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34287684
doi: 10.1007/s00204-021-03116-x
pii: 10.1007/s00204-021-03116-x
pmc: PMC8380239
doi:
Substances chimiques
Air Pollutants, Occupational
0
Chromium
0R0008Q3JB
Stainless Steel
12597-68-1
chromium hexavalent ion
18540-29-9
Types de publication
Comparative Study
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
2961-2975Subventions
Organisme : ÅForsk
ID : 19-323
Organisme : VINNOVA
ID : 2018-02383
Organisme : Stiftelsen för Strategisk Forskning
ID : FFL18-0173
Organisme : Jernkontoret
ID : Prytziska fonden 2-2019
Organisme : the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation in the framework of Increase Competitiveness Program of NUST
ID : K2-2020-024
Organisme : Svenska Forskningsrådet Formas
ID : 2017-00883
Organisme : Vetenskapsrådet
ID : 2017-03931
Organisme : Vetenskapsrådet
ID : 2019-03657
Organisme : Canada Excellence Research Chairs, Government of Canada
ID : 950-233099
Informations de copyright
© 2021. The Author(s).
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