Sports participation of children and adolescents in Germany: disentangling the influence of parental socioeconomic status.
Children
Club sports
Gender
Migration background
Physical activity
Socioeconomic status
Sports
Journal
BMC public health
ISSN: 1471-2458
Titre abrégé: BMC Public Health
Pays: England
ID NLM: 100968562
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
23 07 2021
23 07 2021
Historique:
received:
28
01
2021
accepted:
14
06
2021
entrez:
23
7
2021
pubmed:
24
7
2021
medline:
6
8
2021
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Participation in sports and physical activity (PA) is a critical resource for children's health and social development. This study analyzes how the parental socioeconomic status (SES) of children and adolescents affects their PA in sports clubs (organized sports) and outside of sports clubs (unorganized sports) and tests whether the potential impact of parental SES is mediated by the opportunity structure of their residential area (walkability, infrastructure, etc.) and by family and peer support for PA. Furthermore, PA is analyzed respecting differences by gender and migration background. Using representative data from the MoMo/KiGGS study (2009-2012 and 2014-2017), we take into account about 8000 measurements from about 7000 subjects. We estimate hurdle regression models to analyze the minutes per week spent on sports activities. Results show that children with a higher parental SES, children living in areas with many opportunities for PA, and children receiving family and peer support are more physically active than children without these features. Controlled for opportunities and support, status effects are small but visible. The differences regarding parental SES are much more apparent for organized sports than for unorganized sports, indicating the relevance of economic resources. Boys are more active than girls, whereas there is no clear effect of migration background. The coefficient of parental SES on organized sports most probably relates to the resources needed to participate in sports clubs, including fees and equipment. Lower membership fees might potentially help to integrate children with low parental SES into sports clubs and thereby make organized sports more accessible to all social classes.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
Participation in sports and physical activity (PA) is a critical resource for children's health and social development. This study analyzes how the parental socioeconomic status (SES) of children and adolescents affects their PA in sports clubs (organized sports) and outside of sports clubs (unorganized sports) and tests whether the potential impact of parental SES is mediated by the opportunity structure of their residential area (walkability, infrastructure, etc.) and by family and peer support for PA. Furthermore, PA is analyzed respecting differences by gender and migration background.
METHODS
Using representative data from the MoMo/KiGGS study (2009-2012 and 2014-2017), we take into account about 8000 measurements from about 7000 subjects. We estimate hurdle regression models to analyze the minutes per week spent on sports activities.
RESULTS
Results show that children with a higher parental SES, children living in areas with many opportunities for PA, and children receiving family and peer support are more physically active than children without these features. Controlled for opportunities and support, status effects are small but visible. The differences regarding parental SES are much more apparent for organized sports than for unorganized sports, indicating the relevance of economic resources. Boys are more active than girls, whereas there is no clear effect of migration background.
CONCLUSIONS
The coefficient of parental SES on organized sports most probably relates to the resources needed to participate in sports clubs, including fees and equipment. Lower membership fees might potentially help to integrate children with low parental SES into sports clubs and thereby make organized sports more accessible to all social classes.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34294081
doi: 10.1186/s12889-021-11284-9
pii: 10.1186/s12889-021-11284-9
pmc: PMC8299646
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
1446Informations de copyright
© 2021. The Author(s).
Références
Annu Rev Public Health. 2006;27:297-322
pubmed: 16533119
Br J Sociol. 2019 Jun;70(3):997-1024
pubmed: 29638001
BMC Public Health. 2017 Feb 8;17(1):175
pubmed: 28178972
Obes Rev. 2016 Feb;17(2):95-107
pubmed: 26696565
Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2007 May-Jun;50(5-6):643-52
pubmed: 17514448
Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2005 Dec;48(12):1357-64
pubmed: 16270185
Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2019 Oct;62(10):1263-1274
pubmed: 31529186
BMC Public Health. 2012 Aug 29;12:705
pubmed: 22928865
Int J Pediatr Obes. 2010;5(1):3-18
pubmed: 19562608
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2014 Dec 16;11:155
pubmed: 25510552
BMC Public Health. 2016 Oct 28;16(1):1129
pubmed: 27793153
Maturitas. 2011 Nov;70(3):266-84
pubmed: 21920682
Pediatr Exerc Sci. 2016 Aug;28(3):466-72
pubmed: 26883018
BMC Public Health. 2008 Jun 04;8:196
pubmed: 18533019
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2014 May 13;11:62
pubmed: 24885978
Aust N Z J Public Health. 2017 Jun;41(3):248-255
pubmed: 28110514
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2006 Jul 27;3:19
pubmed: 16872543
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2013 Aug 15;10:98
pubmed: 23945179
Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2014 Jul;57(7):840-8
pubmed: 24950833
Am J Prev Med. 2003 Jan;24(1):22-8
pubmed: 12554020
Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2012 Jan;55(1):35-54
pubmed: 22286248
J Sch Health. 2010 Mar;80(3):119-25
pubmed: 20236413
BMC Public Health. 2018 Aug 20;18(1):1033
pubmed: 30126399
Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2014 Jul;57(7):762-70
pubmed: 24950825
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2010 May 11;7:40
pubmed: 20459784
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2017 Nov 11;14(11):
pubmed: 29137127
J Child Fam Stud. 2017;26(11):3026-3035
pubmed: 29081641
PLoS One. 2019 Oct 30;14(10):e0223928
pubmed: 31665192
Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2005 Aug;48(8):899-905
pubmed: 16086201
PLoS One. 2020 Jul 16;15(7):e0236117
pubmed: 32673364
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2004 Nov;36(11):1937-43
pubmed: 15514510
BMC Public Health. 2020 Aug 17;20(Suppl 1):1060
pubmed: 32799828
PLoS One. 2019 Mar 18;14(3):e0214022
pubmed: 30883609
Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz. 2012 Jan;55(1):111-20
pubmed: 22286256