Epidemiological and clinical aspects of Guillain-Barré syndrome and its variants.
Journal
Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria
ISSN: 1678-4227
Titre abrégé: Arq Neuropsiquiatr
Pays: Germany
ID NLM: 0125444
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
06 2021
06 2021
Historique:
received:
30
06
2020
accepted:
19
09
2020
entrez:
28
7
2021
pubmed:
29
7
2021
medline:
7
9
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), an acute polyradiculoneuropathy that occurs because of an abnormal inflammatory response in the peripheral nervous system, is clinically characterized by acute flaccid paresis and areflexia with or without sensory symptoms. This syndrome can lead to disabling or even life-threatening sequelae. This study aimed to present the clinical and epidemiological aspects of GBS in patients admitted to a tertiary-level hospital in the Federal District between January 2013 and June 2019. In this observational, cross-sectional and retrospective study, medical records of patients diagnosed with acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy, acute motor axonal neuropathy or acute axonal motor-sensitive neuropathy based on electromyographic findings were included, and clinical data were collected retrospectively. A total of 100 patients (63 males and 37 females; ratio, 1.7:1) aged 2-86 years (mean, 36.4 years) were included. The mean annual incidence rate of GBS was 0.54 cases/100,000 inhabitants, with 52 and 49% of the cases occurring between October and March (rainy season) and between April and September (dry season), respectively. The proportions of patients showing each GBS variant were as follows: demyelinating forms, 57%; axonal forms, 39%; and undetermined, 4%. The mean duration of hospitalization was 8-15 days for most patients (38%). During hospitalization, 14% of the patients required mechanical ventilation and 20% experienced infectious complications. The findings indicate that there was an increase in the incidence of GBS during the rainy season. Moreover, we did not observe the typical bimodal distribution regarding age at onset.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), an acute polyradiculoneuropathy that occurs because of an abnormal inflammatory response in the peripheral nervous system, is clinically characterized by acute flaccid paresis and areflexia with or without sensory symptoms. This syndrome can lead to disabling or even life-threatening sequelae.
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to present the clinical and epidemiological aspects of GBS in patients admitted to a tertiary-level hospital in the Federal District between January 2013 and June 2019.
METHODS
In this observational, cross-sectional and retrospective study, medical records of patients diagnosed with acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy, acute motor axonal neuropathy or acute axonal motor-sensitive neuropathy based on electromyographic findings were included, and clinical data were collected retrospectively.
RESULTS
A total of 100 patients (63 males and 37 females; ratio, 1.7:1) aged 2-86 years (mean, 36.4 years) were included. The mean annual incidence rate of GBS was 0.54 cases/100,000 inhabitants, with 52 and 49% of the cases occurring between October and March (rainy season) and between April and September (dry season), respectively. The proportions of patients showing each GBS variant were as follows: demyelinating forms, 57%; axonal forms, 39%; and undetermined, 4%. The mean duration of hospitalization was 8-15 days for most patients (38%). During hospitalization, 14% of the patients required mechanical ventilation and 20% experienced infectious complications.
CONCLUSION
The findings indicate that there was an increase in the incidence of GBS during the rainy season. Moreover, we did not observe the typical bimodal distribution regarding age at onset.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34320055
pii: S0004-282X2021000600497
doi: 10.1590/0004-282X-ANP-2020-0314
pmc: PMC9394566
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Observational Study
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
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