The influence of long-term memory on working memory: Age-differences in proactive facilitation and interference.
Long-term memory
Proactive facilitation
Proactive interference
Working memory
Journal
Psychonomic bulletin & review
ISSN: 1531-5320
Titre abrégé: Psychon Bull Rev
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 9502924
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Feb 2022
Feb 2022
Historique:
accepted:
30
06
2021
pubmed:
30
7
2021
medline:
23
2
2022
entrez:
29
7
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Prior learning can hinder subsequent memory, especially when there is conflict between old and new information. The ability to handle this proactive interference is an important source of differences in memory performance between younger and older adults. In younger participants, Oberauer et al. (2017, Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 43[1], 1) report evidence of proactive facilitation from previously learned information in a working memory task in the absence of proactive interference between long-term and working memory. In the present work, we examine the generality of these findings to different stimulus materials and to older adults. Participants first learned image-word associations and then completed an image-word working memory task. Some pairs were the same as those initially learned, for which we expected facilitation relative to previously unencountered pairs. Other pairs were made up of previously learned elements in different combinations, for which we might expect interference. Younger and older participants showed similar levels of facilitation from previously learned associations relative to new pairs. In addition, older participants exhibited proactive interference from long-term to working memory, whereas younger participants exhibited facilitation, even for pairings that conflicted with those learned earlier in the experiment. These findings confirm older adults' greater susceptibility to proactive interference and we discuss the theoretical implications of younger adults' apparent immunity to interference.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34322845
doi: 10.3758/s13423-021-01981-2
pii: 10.3758/s13423-021-01981-2
pmc: PMC8318553
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
191-202Informations de copyright
© 2021. The Psychonomic Society, Inc.
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