Elimination of SARS-CoV-2 along wastewater and sludge treatment processes.
COVID-19
SARS-CoV-2
Sludge
WWTP
Wastewater
Journal
Water research
ISSN: 1879-2448
Titre abrégé: Water Res
Pays: England
ID NLM: 0105072
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
01 Sep 2021
01 Sep 2021
Historique:
received:
26
02
2021
revised:
26
06
2021
accepted:
09
07
2021
pubmed:
31
7
2021
medline:
7
9
2021
entrez:
30
7
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is shed in the feces of infected people. As a consequence, genomic RNA of the virus can be detected in wastewater. Although the presence of viral RNA does not inform on the infectivity of the virus, this presence of genetic material raised the question of the effectiveness of treatment processes in reducing the virus in wastewater and sludge. In this work, treatment lines of 16 wastewater treatment plants were monitored to evaluate the removal of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in raw, processed waters and sludge, from March to May 2020. Viral RNA copies were enumerated using reverse transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) in 5 different laboratories. These laboratories participated in proficiency testing scheme and their results demonstrated the reliability and comparability of the results obtained for each one. SARS-CoV-2 RNA was found in 50.5% of the 101 influent wastewater samples characterized. Positive results were detected more frequently in those regions with a COVID-19 incidence higher than 100 cases per 100,000 inhabitants. Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) significantly reduced the occurrence of virus RNA along the water treatment lines. Secondary treatment effluents showed an occurrence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in 23.3% of the samples and no positive results were found after MBR and chlorination. Non-treated sludge (from primary and secondary treatments) presented a higher occurrence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA than the corresponding water samples, demonstrating the affinity of virus particles for solids. Furthermore, SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected in treated sludge after thickening and anaerobic digestion, whereas viral RNA was completely eliminated from sludge only when thermal hydrolysis was applied. Finally, co-analysis of SARS-CoV-2 and F-specific RNA bacteriophages was done in the same water and sludge samples in order to investigate the potential use of these bacteriophages as indicators of SARS-CoV-2 fate and reduction along the wastewater treatment.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34330027
pii: S0043-1354(21)00633-3
doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117435
pmc: PMC8280618
pii:
doi:
Substances chimiques
RNA, Viral
0
Sewage
0
Waste Water
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
117435Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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