Clinical characteristics and risk factors of patients with severe COVID-19 in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A retrospective study.


Journal

Journal of infection and public health
ISSN: 1876-035X
Titre abrégé: J Infect Public Health
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101487384

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
Sep 2021
Historique:
received: 30 05 2021
revised: 15 07 2021
accepted: 25 07 2021
pubmed: 4 8 2021
medline: 22 9 2021
entrez: 3 8 2021
Statut: ppublish

Résumé

COVID-19 is newly emerging infectious disease that spread globally at unpredictable and unique pattern to the extent that the World Health Organization announced COVID-19 as a pandemic in the first couple months of 2020. This study aims to describe clinical and demographic features of COVID-19 patients and the influence of various risk factors on the severity of disease. This research is a retrospective study based on Saudi Arabia's ministry of health's Covid-19 data. The analysis relies on data of all COVID-19 patients recorded in Riyadh between 1st, March 2020 and 30th, July 2020. Statistical analyses were performed to investigate the effect of demographic characteristic, clinical presentation, and comorbidities on infection severity. A total number of 1026 COVID-19 patients were identified based on the demographic data as follows: 709 cases (69% of cases) were males and 559 cases (54% of cases) were Saudi. Most of patients were diagnosed with mild signs and symptoms 697 (68% of cases), while 164 patient (16% of cases) demonstrated moderate signs and symptoms, and 103 cases (10%) were severe and 62 (6%) had critical febrile illness. Fever, cough, sore throat, and shortness of breath were the most common symptoms among patients with COVID-19. Among studied comorbidities in COVID-19 patients, diabetes mellitus and hypertension were the most prevalent. The results from the bivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that older age, diabetes mellitus, asthma, smoking, and fever are associated with severe or critically ill cases. The findings of this study show that old age, fever, and comorbidities involving diabetes mellitus, asthma, and smoking were significantly associated with infection severity.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
COVID-19 is newly emerging infectious disease that spread globally at unpredictable and unique pattern to the extent that the World Health Organization announced COVID-19 as a pandemic in the first couple months of 2020. This study aims to describe clinical and demographic features of COVID-19 patients and the influence of various risk factors on the severity of disease.
METHODS METHODS
This research is a retrospective study based on Saudi Arabia's ministry of health's Covid-19 data. The analysis relies on data of all COVID-19 patients recorded in Riyadh between 1st, March 2020 and 30th, July 2020. Statistical analyses were performed to investigate the effect of demographic characteristic, clinical presentation, and comorbidities on infection severity.
RESULTS RESULTS
A total number of 1026 COVID-19 patients were identified based on the demographic data as follows: 709 cases (69% of cases) were males and 559 cases (54% of cases) were Saudi. Most of patients were diagnosed with mild signs and symptoms 697 (68% of cases), while 164 patient (16% of cases) demonstrated moderate signs and symptoms, and 103 cases (10%) were severe and 62 (6%) had critical febrile illness. Fever, cough, sore throat, and shortness of breath were the most common symptoms among patients with COVID-19. Among studied comorbidities in COVID-19 patients, diabetes mellitus and hypertension were the most prevalent. The results from the bivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that older age, diabetes mellitus, asthma, smoking, and fever are associated with severe or critically ill cases.
CONCLUSION CONCLUSIONS
The findings of this study show that old age, fever, and comorbidities involving diabetes mellitus, asthma, and smoking were significantly associated with infection severity.

Identifiants

pubmed: 34343963
pii: S1876-0341(21)00211-2
doi: 10.1016/j.jiph.2021.07.014
pmc: PMC8317445
pii:
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

1133-1138

Informations de copyright

Copyright © 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.

Auteurs

Fadilah S Aleanizy (FS)

Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: faleanizy@ksu.edu.sa.

Fulwah Y Alqahtani (FY)

Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Marzouqah S Alanazi (MS)

Emergency Department, Prince Mohamed Bin Abdulaziz Hospital, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Rania A E H Mohamed (RAEH)

College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Federal Ministry of Health, Khartoum, Sudan.

Bahauddeen M Alrfaei (BM)

Department of Cellular Therapy and Cancer Research, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Mana M Alshehri (MM)

Department of Cellular Therapy and Cancer Research, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Hajar AlQahtani (H)

Department of Pharmacy Service, King Abdul-Aziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard, Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Ghalia Shamlan (G)

Department of Human Nutrition, College of Food Science and Agriculture, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia.

Nassr Al-Maflehi (N)

Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Maha M Alrasheed (MM)

Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Ahmed Alrashed (A)

King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

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Classifications MeSH