Familial History of Autoimmune Disorders Among Patients With Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis.

Adolescent Autoimmune Diseases / complications Case-Control Studies Child Family Female Humans Male Multiple Sclerosis / complications Risk Factors

Journal

Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation
ISSN: 2332-7812
Titre abrégé: Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101636388

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
09 2021
Historique:
received: 28 06 2020
accepted: 17 06 2021
entrez: 6 8 2021
pubmed: 7 8 2021
medline: 1 3 2022
Statut: epublish

Résumé

The objective of this study was to determine whether family members of patients with pediatric multiple sclerosis (MS) have an increased prevalence of autoimmune conditions compared with controls. Data collected during a pediatric MS case-control study of risk factors included information about various autoimmune diseases in family members. The frequency of these disorders was compared between cases and controls. There was an increased rate of autoimmune diseases among family members of pediatric MS cases compared with controls with first-degree history of MS excluded (OR = 2.27, 95% CI 1.71-3.01, The increased rates of autoimmune disorders, including thyroid disorders and MS among families of patients with pediatric MS, suggest shared genetic factors among families with children diagnosed with pediatric MS.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE
The objective of this study was to determine whether family members of patients with pediatric multiple sclerosis (MS) have an increased prevalence of autoimmune conditions compared with controls.
METHODS
Data collected during a pediatric MS case-control study of risk factors included information about various autoimmune diseases in family members. The frequency of these disorders was compared between cases and controls.
RESULTS
There was an increased rate of autoimmune diseases among family members of pediatric MS cases compared with controls with first-degree history of MS excluded (OR = 2.27, 95% CI 1.71-3.01,
DISCUSSION
The increased rates of autoimmune disorders, including thyroid disorders and MS among families of patients with pediatric MS, suggest shared genetic factors among families with children diagnosed with pediatric MS.

Identifiants

DOI: 10.1212/NXI.0000000000001049 PMID: 34353894 PMC: PMC8362349
pubmed: 34353894
pii: 8/5/e1049
doi: 10.1212/NXI.0000000000001049
pmc: PMC8362349
pii:
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Subventions

Organisme : NINDS NIH HHS
ID : R01 NS071463
Pays : United States
Organisme : NCATS NIH HHS
ID : UL1 TR002538
Pays : United States

Informations de copyright

Copyright © 2021 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of the American Academy of Neurology.

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Auteurs

Benjamin M Greenberg (BM)

From the University of Texas Southwestern (B.M.G.), Department of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Dallas; Data Coordinating and Analysis Center (T.C.C., S.S.R., K.D.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Washington University (S.S.M.), St. Louis, MO; University of Alabama Birmingham (J.M.N.); The University of Texas Southwestern (P.P.), Department of Neurology, Dallas; Department of Radiology (S.L., M.G.), Washington University in St. Louis, MO; Jacobs Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.W.-G.), State University of New York at Buffalo, NY; Mayo Clinic Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (M.R., J.-M.T.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (G.S.A.), Loma Linda University Children's Hospital, CA; Lourie Center for Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis (A.B.), Stony Brook University Hospital, NY; Epidemiology (L.F.B.), University of California, Berkeley; Department of Neurology (J.W.R.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders Program (M.P.G., L.A.B.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Primary Children's Hospital (M.C.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Partners Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Center for Pediatric-Onset Demyelinating Disease (Y.C.H.), Children's Hospital of Alabama, University of Alabama, Birmingham; Children's National Medical Center (I.L.K.), Washington, DC; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (J.H.), University of California San Francisco; The Blue Bird Circle Clinic for Multiple Sclerosis (T.E.L.), Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston; Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (M.R.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago (J.P.R.), IL; Rocky Mountain Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.L.S.), Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora; Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (A.T.W.), PA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (L.K.), New York University; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (J.G.), University of California San Diego; and Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (E.W.), University of California San Francisco. benjamin.greenberg@utsouthwestern.edu.
ORCID: 0000-0002-2091-8201

Theron Charles Casper (TC)

From the University of Texas Southwestern (B.M.G.), Department of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Dallas; Data Coordinating and Analysis Center (T.C.C., S.S.R., K.D.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Washington University (S.S.M.), St. Louis, MO; University of Alabama Birmingham (J.M.N.); The University of Texas Southwestern (P.P.), Department of Neurology, Dallas; Department of Radiology (S.L., M.G.), Washington University in St. Louis, MO; Jacobs Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.W.-G.), State University of New York at Buffalo, NY; Mayo Clinic Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (M.R., J.-M.T.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (G.S.A.), Loma Linda University Children's Hospital, CA; Lourie Center for Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis (A.B.), Stony Brook University Hospital, NY; Epidemiology (L.F.B.), University of California, Berkeley; Department of Neurology (J.W.R.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders Program (M.P.G., L.A.B.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Primary Children's Hospital (M.C.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Partners Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Center for Pediatric-Onset Demyelinating Disease (Y.C.H.), Children's Hospital of Alabama, University of Alabama, Birmingham; Children's National Medical Center (I.L.K.), Washington, DC; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (J.H.), University of California San Francisco; The Blue Bird Circle Clinic for Multiple Sclerosis (T.E.L.), Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston; Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (M.R.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago (J.P.R.), IL; Rocky Mountain Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.L.S.), Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora; Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (A.T.W.), PA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (L.K.), New York University; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (J.G.), University of California San Diego; and Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (E.W.), University of California San Francisco.

Soe S Mar (SS)

From the University of Texas Southwestern (B.M.G.), Department of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Dallas; Data Coordinating and Analysis Center (T.C.C., S.S.R., K.D.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Washington University (S.S.M.), St. Louis, MO; University of Alabama Birmingham (J.M.N.); The University of Texas Southwestern (P.P.), Department of Neurology, Dallas; Department of Radiology (S.L., M.G.), Washington University in St. Louis, MO; Jacobs Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.W.-G.), State University of New York at Buffalo, NY; Mayo Clinic Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (M.R., J.-M.T.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (G.S.A.), Loma Linda University Children's Hospital, CA; Lourie Center for Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis (A.B.), Stony Brook University Hospital, NY; Epidemiology (L.F.B.), University of California, Berkeley; Department of Neurology (J.W.R.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders Program (M.P.G., L.A.B.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Primary Children's Hospital (M.C.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Partners Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Center for Pediatric-Onset Demyelinating Disease (Y.C.H.), Children's Hospital of Alabama, University of Alabama, Birmingham; Children's National Medical Center (I.L.K.), Washington, DC; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (J.H.), University of California San Francisco; The Blue Bird Circle Clinic for Multiple Sclerosis (T.E.L.), Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston; Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (M.R.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago (J.P.R.), IL; Rocky Mountain Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.L.S.), Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora; Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (A.T.W.), PA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (L.K.), New York University; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (J.G.), University of California San Diego; and Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (E.W.), University of California San Francisco.

Jayne M Ness (JM)

From the University of Texas Southwestern (B.M.G.), Department of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Dallas; Data Coordinating and Analysis Center (T.C.C., S.S.R., K.D.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Washington University (S.S.M.), St. Louis, MO; University of Alabama Birmingham (J.M.N.); The University of Texas Southwestern (P.P.), Department of Neurology, Dallas; Department of Radiology (S.L., M.G.), Washington University in St. Louis, MO; Jacobs Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.W.-G.), State University of New York at Buffalo, NY; Mayo Clinic Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (M.R., J.-M.T.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (G.S.A.), Loma Linda University Children's Hospital, CA; Lourie Center for Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis (A.B.), Stony Brook University Hospital, NY; Epidemiology (L.F.B.), University of California, Berkeley; Department of Neurology (J.W.R.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders Program (M.P.G., L.A.B.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Primary Children's Hospital (M.C.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Partners Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Center for Pediatric-Onset Demyelinating Disease (Y.C.H.), Children's Hospital of Alabama, University of Alabama, Birmingham; Children's National Medical Center (I.L.K.), Washington, DC; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (J.H.), University of California San Francisco; The Blue Bird Circle Clinic for Multiple Sclerosis (T.E.L.), Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston; Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (M.R.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago (J.P.R.), IL; Rocky Mountain Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.L.S.), Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora; Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (A.T.W.), PA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (L.K.), New York University; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (J.G.), University of California San Diego; and Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (E.W.), University of California San Francisco.

Patricia Plumb (P)

From the University of Texas Southwestern (B.M.G.), Department of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Dallas; Data Coordinating and Analysis Center (T.C.C., S.S.R., K.D.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Washington University (S.S.M.), St. Louis, MO; University of Alabama Birmingham (J.M.N.); The University of Texas Southwestern (P.P.), Department of Neurology, Dallas; Department of Radiology (S.L., M.G.), Washington University in St. Louis, MO; Jacobs Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.W.-G.), State University of New York at Buffalo, NY; Mayo Clinic Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (M.R., J.-M.T.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (G.S.A.), Loma Linda University Children's Hospital, CA; Lourie Center for Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis (A.B.), Stony Brook University Hospital, NY; Epidemiology (L.F.B.), University of California, Berkeley; Department of Neurology (J.W.R.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders Program (M.P.G., L.A.B.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Primary Children's Hospital (M.C.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Partners Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Center for Pediatric-Onset Demyelinating Disease (Y.C.H.), Children's Hospital of Alabama, University of Alabama, Birmingham; Children's National Medical Center (I.L.K.), Washington, DC; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (J.H.), University of California San Francisco; The Blue Bird Circle Clinic for Multiple Sclerosis (T.E.L.), Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston; Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (M.R.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago (J.P.R.), IL; Rocky Mountain Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.L.S.), Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora; Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (A.T.W.), PA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (L.K.), New York University; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (J.G.), University of California San Diego; and Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (E.W.), University of California San Francisco.

Shannon Liang (S)

From the University of Texas Southwestern (B.M.G.), Department of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Dallas; Data Coordinating and Analysis Center (T.C.C., S.S.R., K.D.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Washington University (S.S.M.), St. Louis, MO; University of Alabama Birmingham (J.M.N.); The University of Texas Southwestern (P.P.), Department of Neurology, Dallas; Department of Radiology (S.L., M.G.), Washington University in St. Louis, MO; Jacobs Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.W.-G.), State University of New York at Buffalo, NY; Mayo Clinic Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (M.R., J.-M.T.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (G.S.A.), Loma Linda University Children's Hospital, CA; Lourie Center for Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis (A.B.), Stony Brook University Hospital, NY; Epidemiology (L.F.B.), University of California, Berkeley; Department of Neurology (J.W.R.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders Program (M.P.G., L.A.B.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Primary Children's Hospital (M.C.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Partners Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Center for Pediatric-Onset Demyelinating Disease (Y.C.H.), Children's Hospital of Alabama, University of Alabama, Birmingham; Children's National Medical Center (I.L.K.), Washington, DC; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (J.H.), University of California San Francisco; The Blue Bird Circle Clinic for Multiple Sclerosis (T.E.L.), Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston; Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (M.R.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago (J.P.R.), IL; Rocky Mountain Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.L.S.), Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora; Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (A.T.W.), PA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (L.K.), New York University; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (J.G.), University of California San Diego; and Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (E.W.), University of California San Francisco.

Manu Goyal (M)

From the University of Texas Southwestern (B.M.G.), Department of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Dallas; Data Coordinating and Analysis Center (T.C.C., S.S.R., K.D.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Washington University (S.S.M.), St. Louis, MO; University of Alabama Birmingham (J.M.N.); The University of Texas Southwestern (P.P.), Department of Neurology, Dallas; Department of Radiology (S.L., M.G.), Washington University in St. Louis, MO; Jacobs Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.W.-G.), State University of New York at Buffalo, NY; Mayo Clinic Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (M.R., J.-M.T.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (G.S.A.), Loma Linda University Children's Hospital, CA; Lourie Center for Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis (A.B.), Stony Brook University Hospital, NY; Epidemiology (L.F.B.), University of California, Berkeley; Department of Neurology (J.W.R.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders Program (M.P.G., L.A.B.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Primary Children's Hospital (M.C.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Partners Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Center for Pediatric-Onset Demyelinating Disease (Y.C.H.), Children's Hospital of Alabama, University of Alabama, Birmingham; Children's National Medical Center (I.L.K.), Washington, DC; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (J.H.), University of California San Francisco; The Blue Bird Circle Clinic for Multiple Sclerosis (T.E.L.), Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston; Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (M.R.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago (J.P.R.), IL; Rocky Mountain Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.L.S.), Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora; Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (A.T.W.), PA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (L.K.), New York University; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (J.G.), University of California San Diego; and Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (E.W.), University of California San Francisco.

Bianca Weinstock-Guttman (B)

From the University of Texas Southwestern (B.M.G.), Department of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Dallas; Data Coordinating and Analysis Center (T.C.C., S.S.R., K.D.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Washington University (S.S.M.), St. Louis, MO; University of Alabama Birmingham (J.M.N.); The University of Texas Southwestern (P.P.), Department of Neurology, Dallas; Department of Radiology (S.L., M.G.), Washington University in St. Louis, MO; Jacobs Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.W.-G.), State University of New York at Buffalo, NY; Mayo Clinic Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (M.R., J.-M.T.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (G.S.A.), Loma Linda University Children's Hospital, CA; Lourie Center for Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis (A.B.), Stony Brook University Hospital, NY; Epidemiology (L.F.B.), University of California, Berkeley; Department of Neurology (J.W.R.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders Program (M.P.G., L.A.B.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Primary Children's Hospital (M.C.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Partners Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Center for Pediatric-Onset Demyelinating Disease (Y.C.H.), Children's Hospital of Alabama, University of Alabama, Birmingham; Children's National Medical Center (I.L.K.), Washington, DC; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (J.H.), University of California San Francisco; The Blue Bird Circle Clinic for Multiple Sclerosis (T.E.L.), Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston; Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (M.R.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago (J.P.R.), IL; Rocky Mountain Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.L.S.), Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora; Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (A.T.W.), PA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (L.K.), New York University; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (J.G.), University of California San Diego; and Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (E.W.), University of California San Francisco.
ORCID: 0000-0001-6732-151X

Moses Rodriguez (M)

From the University of Texas Southwestern (B.M.G.), Department of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Dallas; Data Coordinating and Analysis Center (T.C.C., S.S.R., K.D.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Washington University (S.S.M.), St. Louis, MO; University of Alabama Birmingham (J.M.N.); The University of Texas Southwestern (P.P.), Department of Neurology, Dallas; Department of Radiology (S.L., M.G.), Washington University in St. Louis, MO; Jacobs Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.W.-G.), State University of New York at Buffalo, NY; Mayo Clinic Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (M.R., J.-M.T.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (G.S.A.), Loma Linda University Children's Hospital, CA; Lourie Center for Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis (A.B.), Stony Brook University Hospital, NY; Epidemiology (L.F.B.), University of California, Berkeley; Department of Neurology (J.W.R.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders Program (M.P.G., L.A.B.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Primary Children's Hospital (M.C.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Partners Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Center for Pediatric-Onset Demyelinating Disease (Y.C.H.), Children's Hospital of Alabama, University of Alabama, Birmingham; Children's National Medical Center (I.L.K.), Washington, DC; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (J.H.), University of California San Francisco; The Blue Bird Circle Clinic for Multiple Sclerosis (T.E.L.), Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston; Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (M.R.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago (J.P.R.), IL; Rocky Mountain Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.L.S.), Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora; Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (A.T.W.), PA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (L.K.), New York University; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (J.G.), University of California San Diego; and Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (E.W.), University of California San Francisco.

Gregory S Aaen (GS)

From the University of Texas Southwestern (B.M.G.), Department of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Dallas; Data Coordinating and Analysis Center (T.C.C., S.S.R., K.D.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Washington University (S.S.M.), St. Louis, MO; University of Alabama Birmingham (J.M.N.); The University of Texas Southwestern (P.P.), Department of Neurology, Dallas; Department of Radiology (S.L., M.G.), Washington University in St. Louis, MO; Jacobs Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.W.-G.), State University of New York at Buffalo, NY; Mayo Clinic Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (M.R., J.-M.T.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (G.S.A.), Loma Linda University Children's Hospital, CA; Lourie Center for Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis (A.B.), Stony Brook University Hospital, NY; Epidemiology (L.F.B.), University of California, Berkeley; Department of Neurology (J.W.R.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders Program (M.P.G., L.A.B.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Primary Children's Hospital (M.C.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Partners Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Center for Pediatric-Onset Demyelinating Disease (Y.C.H.), Children's Hospital of Alabama, University of Alabama, Birmingham; Children's National Medical Center (I.L.K.), Washington, DC; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (J.H.), University of California San Francisco; The Blue Bird Circle Clinic for Multiple Sclerosis (T.E.L.), Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston; Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (M.R.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago (J.P.R.), IL; Rocky Mountain Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.L.S.), Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora; Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (A.T.W.), PA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (L.K.), New York University; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (J.G.), University of California San Diego; and Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (E.W.), University of California San Francisco.

Anita Belman (A)

From the University of Texas Southwestern (B.M.G.), Department of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Dallas; Data Coordinating and Analysis Center (T.C.C., S.S.R., K.D.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Washington University (S.S.M.), St. Louis, MO; University of Alabama Birmingham (J.M.N.); The University of Texas Southwestern (P.P.), Department of Neurology, Dallas; Department of Radiology (S.L., M.G.), Washington University in St. Louis, MO; Jacobs Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.W.-G.), State University of New York at Buffalo, NY; Mayo Clinic Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (M.R., J.-M.T.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (G.S.A.), Loma Linda University Children's Hospital, CA; Lourie Center for Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis (A.B.), Stony Brook University Hospital, NY; Epidemiology (L.F.B.), University of California, Berkeley; Department of Neurology (J.W.R.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders Program (M.P.G., L.A.B.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Primary Children's Hospital (M.C.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Partners Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Center for Pediatric-Onset Demyelinating Disease (Y.C.H.), Children's Hospital of Alabama, University of Alabama, Birmingham; Children's National Medical Center (I.L.K.), Washington, DC; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (J.H.), University of California San Francisco; The Blue Bird Circle Clinic for Multiple Sclerosis (T.E.L.), Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston; Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (M.R.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago (J.P.R.), IL; Rocky Mountain Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.L.S.), Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora; Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (A.T.W.), PA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (L.K.), New York University; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (J.G.), University of California San Diego; and Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (E.W.), University of California San Francisco.

Lisa F Barcellos (LF)

From the University of Texas Southwestern (B.M.G.), Department of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Dallas; Data Coordinating and Analysis Center (T.C.C., S.S.R., K.D.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Washington University (S.S.M.), St. Louis, MO; University of Alabama Birmingham (J.M.N.); The University of Texas Southwestern (P.P.), Department of Neurology, Dallas; Department of Radiology (S.L., M.G.), Washington University in St. Louis, MO; Jacobs Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.W.-G.), State University of New York at Buffalo, NY; Mayo Clinic Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (M.R., J.-M.T.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (G.S.A.), Loma Linda University Children's Hospital, CA; Lourie Center for Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis (A.B.), Stony Brook University Hospital, NY; Epidemiology (L.F.B.), University of California, Berkeley; Department of Neurology (J.W.R.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders Program (M.P.G., L.A.B.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Primary Children's Hospital (M.C.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Partners Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Center for Pediatric-Onset Demyelinating Disease (Y.C.H.), Children's Hospital of Alabama, University of Alabama, Birmingham; Children's National Medical Center (I.L.K.), Washington, DC; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (J.H.), University of California San Francisco; The Blue Bird Circle Clinic for Multiple Sclerosis (T.E.L.), Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston; Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (M.R.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago (J.P.R.), IL; Rocky Mountain Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.L.S.), Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora; Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (A.T.W.), PA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (L.K.), New York University; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (J.G.), University of California San Diego; and Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (E.W.), University of California San Francisco.

John W Rose (JW)

From the University of Texas Southwestern (B.M.G.), Department of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Dallas; Data Coordinating and Analysis Center (T.C.C., S.S.R., K.D.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Washington University (S.S.M.), St. Louis, MO; University of Alabama Birmingham (J.M.N.); The University of Texas Southwestern (P.P.), Department of Neurology, Dallas; Department of Radiology (S.L., M.G.), Washington University in St. Louis, MO; Jacobs Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.W.-G.), State University of New York at Buffalo, NY; Mayo Clinic Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (M.R., J.-M.T.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (G.S.A.), Loma Linda University Children's Hospital, CA; Lourie Center for Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis (A.B.), Stony Brook University Hospital, NY; Epidemiology (L.F.B.), University of California, Berkeley; Department of Neurology (J.W.R.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders Program (M.P.G., L.A.B.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Primary Children's Hospital (M.C.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Partners Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Center for Pediatric-Onset Demyelinating Disease (Y.C.H.), Children's Hospital of Alabama, University of Alabama, Birmingham; Children's National Medical Center (I.L.K.), Washington, DC; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (J.H.), University of California San Francisco; The Blue Bird Circle Clinic for Multiple Sclerosis (T.E.L.), Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston; Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (M.R.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago (J.P.R.), IL; Rocky Mountain Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.L.S.), Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora; Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (A.T.W.), PA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (L.K.), New York University; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (J.G.), University of California San Diego; and Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (E.W.), University of California San Francisco.

Mark P Gorman (MP)

From the University of Texas Southwestern (B.M.G.), Department of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Dallas; Data Coordinating and Analysis Center (T.C.C., S.S.R., K.D.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Washington University (S.S.M.), St. Louis, MO; University of Alabama Birmingham (J.M.N.); The University of Texas Southwestern (P.P.), Department of Neurology, Dallas; Department of Radiology (S.L., M.G.), Washington University in St. Louis, MO; Jacobs Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.W.-G.), State University of New York at Buffalo, NY; Mayo Clinic Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (M.R., J.-M.T.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (G.S.A.), Loma Linda University Children's Hospital, CA; Lourie Center for Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis (A.B.), Stony Brook University Hospital, NY; Epidemiology (L.F.B.), University of California, Berkeley; Department of Neurology (J.W.R.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders Program (M.P.G., L.A.B.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Primary Children's Hospital (M.C.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Partners Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Center for Pediatric-Onset Demyelinating Disease (Y.C.H.), Children's Hospital of Alabama, University of Alabama, Birmingham; Children's National Medical Center (I.L.K.), Washington, DC; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (J.H.), University of California San Francisco; The Blue Bird Circle Clinic for Multiple Sclerosis (T.E.L.), Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston; Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (M.R.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago (J.P.R.), IL; Rocky Mountain Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.L.S.), Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora; Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (A.T.W.), PA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (L.K.), New York University; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (J.G.), University of California San Diego; and Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (E.W.), University of California San Francisco.

Leslie A Benson (LA)

From the University of Texas Southwestern (B.M.G.), Department of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Dallas; Data Coordinating and Analysis Center (T.C.C., S.S.R., K.D.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Washington University (S.S.M.), St. Louis, MO; University of Alabama Birmingham (J.M.N.); The University of Texas Southwestern (P.P.), Department of Neurology, Dallas; Department of Radiology (S.L., M.G.), Washington University in St. Louis, MO; Jacobs Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.W.-G.), State University of New York at Buffalo, NY; Mayo Clinic Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (M.R., J.-M.T.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (G.S.A.), Loma Linda University Children's Hospital, CA; Lourie Center for Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis (A.B.), Stony Brook University Hospital, NY; Epidemiology (L.F.B.), University of California, Berkeley; Department of Neurology (J.W.R.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders Program (M.P.G., L.A.B.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Primary Children's Hospital (M.C.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Partners Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Center for Pediatric-Onset Demyelinating Disease (Y.C.H.), Children's Hospital of Alabama, University of Alabama, Birmingham; Children's National Medical Center (I.L.K.), Washington, DC; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (J.H.), University of California San Francisco; The Blue Bird Circle Clinic for Multiple Sclerosis (T.E.L.), Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston; Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (M.R.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago (J.P.R.), IL; Rocky Mountain Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.L.S.), Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora; Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (A.T.W.), PA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (L.K.), New York University; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (J.G.), University of California San Diego; and Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (E.W.), University of California San Francisco.
ORCID: 0000-0002-1680-4834

Meghan Candee (M)

From the University of Texas Southwestern (B.M.G.), Department of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Dallas; Data Coordinating and Analysis Center (T.C.C., S.S.R., K.D.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Washington University (S.S.M.), St. Louis, MO; University of Alabama Birmingham (J.M.N.); The University of Texas Southwestern (P.P.), Department of Neurology, Dallas; Department of Radiology (S.L., M.G.), Washington University in St. Louis, MO; Jacobs Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.W.-G.), State University of New York at Buffalo, NY; Mayo Clinic Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (M.R., J.-M.T.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (G.S.A.), Loma Linda University Children's Hospital, CA; Lourie Center for Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis (A.B.), Stony Brook University Hospital, NY; Epidemiology (L.F.B.), University of California, Berkeley; Department of Neurology (J.W.R.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders Program (M.P.G., L.A.B.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Primary Children's Hospital (M.C.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Partners Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Center for Pediatric-Onset Demyelinating Disease (Y.C.H.), Children's Hospital of Alabama, University of Alabama, Birmingham; Children's National Medical Center (I.L.K.), Washington, DC; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (J.H.), University of California San Francisco; The Blue Bird Circle Clinic for Multiple Sclerosis (T.E.L.), Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston; Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (M.R.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago (J.P.R.), IL; Rocky Mountain Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.L.S.), Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora; Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (A.T.W.), PA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (L.K.), New York University; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (J.G.), University of California San Diego; and Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (E.W.), University of California San Francisco.

Tanuja Chitnis (T)

From the University of Texas Southwestern (B.M.G.), Department of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Dallas; Data Coordinating and Analysis Center (T.C.C., S.S.R., K.D.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Washington University (S.S.M.), St. Louis, MO; University of Alabama Birmingham (J.M.N.); The University of Texas Southwestern (P.P.), Department of Neurology, Dallas; Department of Radiology (S.L., M.G.), Washington University in St. Louis, MO; Jacobs Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.W.-G.), State University of New York at Buffalo, NY; Mayo Clinic Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (M.R., J.-M.T.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (G.S.A.), Loma Linda University Children's Hospital, CA; Lourie Center for Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis (A.B.), Stony Brook University Hospital, NY; Epidemiology (L.F.B.), University of California, Berkeley; Department of Neurology (J.W.R.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders Program (M.P.G., L.A.B.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Primary Children's Hospital (M.C.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Partners Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Center for Pediatric-Onset Demyelinating Disease (Y.C.H.), Children's Hospital of Alabama, University of Alabama, Birmingham; Children's National Medical Center (I.L.K.), Washington, DC; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (J.H.), University of California San Francisco; The Blue Bird Circle Clinic for Multiple Sclerosis (T.E.L.), Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston; Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (M.R.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago (J.P.R.), IL; Rocky Mountain Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.L.S.), Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora; Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (A.T.W.), PA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (L.K.), New York University; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (J.G.), University of California San Diego; and Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (E.W.), University of California San Francisco.

Yolanda C Harris (YC)

From the University of Texas Southwestern (B.M.G.), Department of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Dallas; Data Coordinating and Analysis Center (T.C.C., S.S.R., K.D.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Washington University (S.S.M.), St. Louis, MO; University of Alabama Birmingham (J.M.N.); The University of Texas Southwestern (P.P.), Department of Neurology, Dallas; Department of Radiology (S.L., M.G.), Washington University in St. Louis, MO; Jacobs Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.W.-G.), State University of New York at Buffalo, NY; Mayo Clinic Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (M.R., J.-M.T.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (G.S.A.), Loma Linda University Children's Hospital, CA; Lourie Center for Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis (A.B.), Stony Brook University Hospital, NY; Epidemiology (L.F.B.), University of California, Berkeley; Department of Neurology (J.W.R.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders Program (M.P.G., L.A.B.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Primary Children's Hospital (M.C.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Partners Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Center for Pediatric-Onset Demyelinating Disease (Y.C.H.), Children's Hospital of Alabama, University of Alabama, Birmingham; Children's National Medical Center (I.L.K.), Washington, DC; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (J.H.), University of California San Francisco; The Blue Bird Circle Clinic for Multiple Sclerosis (T.E.L.), Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston; Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (M.R.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago (J.P.R.), IL; Rocky Mountain Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.L.S.), Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora; Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (A.T.W.), PA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (L.K.), New York University; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (J.G.), University of California San Diego; and Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (E.W.), University of California San Francisco.

Ilana L Kahn (IL)

From the University of Texas Southwestern (B.M.G.), Department of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Dallas; Data Coordinating and Analysis Center (T.C.C., S.S.R., K.D.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Washington University (S.S.M.), St. Louis, MO; University of Alabama Birmingham (J.M.N.); The University of Texas Southwestern (P.P.), Department of Neurology, Dallas; Department of Radiology (S.L., M.G.), Washington University in St. Louis, MO; Jacobs Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.W.-G.), State University of New York at Buffalo, NY; Mayo Clinic Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (M.R., J.-M.T.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (G.S.A.), Loma Linda University Children's Hospital, CA; Lourie Center for Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis (A.B.), Stony Brook University Hospital, NY; Epidemiology (L.F.B.), University of California, Berkeley; Department of Neurology (J.W.R.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders Program (M.P.G., L.A.B.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Primary Children's Hospital (M.C.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Partners Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Center for Pediatric-Onset Demyelinating Disease (Y.C.H.), Children's Hospital of Alabama, University of Alabama, Birmingham; Children's National Medical Center (I.L.K.), Washington, DC; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (J.H.), University of California San Francisco; The Blue Bird Circle Clinic for Multiple Sclerosis (T.E.L.), Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston; Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (M.R.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago (J.P.R.), IL; Rocky Mountain Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.L.S.), Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora; Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (A.T.W.), PA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (L.K.), New York University; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (J.G.), University of California San Diego; and Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (E.W.), University of California San Francisco.

Shelly Roalstad (S)

From the University of Texas Southwestern (B.M.G.), Department of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Dallas; Data Coordinating and Analysis Center (T.C.C., S.S.R., K.D.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Washington University (S.S.M.), St. Louis, MO; University of Alabama Birmingham (J.M.N.); The University of Texas Southwestern (P.P.), Department of Neurology, Dallas; Department of Radiology (S.L., M.G.), Washington University in St. Louis, MO; Jacobs Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.W.-G.), State University of New York at Buffalo, NY; Mayo Clinic Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (M.R., J.-M.T.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (G.S.A.), Loma Linda University Children's Hospital, CA; Lourie Center for Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis (A.B.), Stony Brook University Hospital, NY; Epidemiology (L.F.B.), University of California, Berkeley; Department of Neurology (J.W.R.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders Program (M.P.G., L.A.B.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Primary Children's Hospital (M.C.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Partners Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Center for Pediatric-Onset Demyelinating Disease (Y.C.H.), Children's Hospital of Alabama, University of Alabama, Birmingham; Children's National Medical Center (I.L.K.), Washington, DC; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (J.H.), University of California San Francisco; The Blue Bird Circle Clinic for Multiple Sclerosis (T.E.L.), Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston; Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (M.R.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago (J.P.R.), IL; Rocky Mountain Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.L.S.), Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora; Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (A.T.W.), PA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (L.K.), New York University; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (J.G.), University of California San Diego; and Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (E.W.), University of California San Francisco.

Janace Hart (J)

From the University of Texas Southwestern (B.M.G.), Department of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Dallas; Data Coordinating and Analysis Center (T.C.C., S.S.R., K.D.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Washington University (S.S.M.), St. Louis, MO; University of Alabama Birmingham (J.M.N.); The University of Texas Southwestern (P.P.), Department of Neurology, Dallas; Department of Radiology (S.L., M.G.), Washington University in St. Louis, MO; Jacobs Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.W.-G.), State University of New York at Buffalo, NY; Mayo Clinic Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (M.R., J.-M.T.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (G.S.A.), Loma Linda University Children's Hospital, CA; Lourie Center for Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis (A.B.), Stony Brook University Hospital, NY; Epidemiology (L.F.B.), University of California, Berkeley; Department of Neurology (J.W.R.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders Program (M.P.G., L.A.B.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Primary Children's Hospital (M.C.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Partners Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Center for Pediatric-Onset Demyelinating Disease (Y.C.H.), Children's Hospital of Alabama, University of Alabama, Birmingham; Children's National Medical Center (I.L.K.), Washington, DC; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (J.H.), University of California San Francisco; The Blue Bird Circle Clinic for Multiple Sclerosis (T.E.L.), Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston; Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (M.R.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago (J.P.R.), IL; Rocky Mountain Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.L.S.), Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora; Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (A.T.W.), PA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (L.K.), New York University; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (J.G.), University of California San Diego; and Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (E.W.), University of California San Francisco.

Timothy E Lotze (TE)

From the University of Texas Southwestern (B.M.G.), Department of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Dallas; Data Coordinating and Analysis Center (T.C.C., S.S.R., K.D.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Washington University (S.S.M.), St. Louis, MO; University of Alabama Birmingham (J.M.N.); The University of Texas Southwestern (P.P.), Department of Neurology, Dallas; Department of Radiology (S.L., M.G.), Washington University in St. Louis, MO; Jacobs Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.W.-G.), State University of New York at Buffalo, NY; Mayo Clinic Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (M.R., J.-M.T.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (G.S.A.), Loma Linda University Children's Hospital, CA; Lourie Center for Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis (A.B.), Stony Brook University Hospital, NY; Epidemiology (L.F.B.), University of California, Berkeley; Department of Neurology (J.W.R.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders Program (M.P.G., L.A.B.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Primary Children's Hospital (M.C.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Partners Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Center for Pediatric-Onset Demyelinating Disease (Y.C.H.), Children's Hospital of Alabama, University of Alabama, Birmingham; Children's National Medical Center (I.L.K.), Washington, DC; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (J.H.), University of California San Francisco; The Blue Bird Circle Clinic for Multiple Sclerosis (T.E.L.), Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston; Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (M.R.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago (J.P.R.), IL; Rocky Mountain Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.L.S.), Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora; Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (A.T.W.), PA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (L.K.), New York University; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (J.G.), University of California San Diego; and Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (E.W.), University of California San Francisco.

Mary Rensel (M)

From the University of Texas Southwestern (B.M.G.), Department of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Dallas; Data Coordinating and Analysis Center (T.C.C., S.S.R., K.D.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Washington University (S.S.M.), St. Louis, MO; University of Alabama Birmingham (J.M.N.); The University of Texas Southwestern (P.P.), Department of Neurology, Dallas; Department of Radiology (S.L., M.G.), Washington University in St. Louis, MO; Jacobs Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.W.-G.), State University of New York at Buffalo, NY; Mayo Clinic Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (M.R., J.-M.T.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (G.S.A.), Loma Linda University Children's Hospital, CA; Lourie Center for Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis (A.B.), Stony Brook University Hospital, NY; Epidemiology (L.F.B.), University of California, Berkeley; Department of Neurology (J.W.R.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders Program (M.P.G., L.A.B.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Primary Children's Hospital (M.C.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Partners Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Center for Pediatric-Onset Demyelinating Disease (Y.C.H.), Children's Hospital of Alabama, University of Alabama, Birmingham; Children's National Medical Center (I.L.K.), Washington, DC; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (J.H.), University of California San Francisco; The Blue Bird Circle Clinic for Multiple Sclerosis (T.E.L.), Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston; Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (M.R.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago (J.P.R.), IL; Rocky Mountain Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.L.S.), Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora; Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (A.T.W.), PA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (L.K.), New York University; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (J.G.), University of California San Diego; and Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (E.W.), University of California San Francisco.

Jennifer P Rubin (JP)

From the University of Texas Southwestern (B.M.G.), Department of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Dallas; Data Coordinating and Analysis Center (T.C.C., S.S.R., K.D.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Washington University (S.S.M.), St. Louis, MO; University of Alabama Birmingham (J.M.N.); The University of Texas Southwestern (P.P.), Department of Neurology, Dallas; Department of Radiology (S.L., M.G.), Washington University in St. Louis, MO; Jacobs Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.W.-G.), State University of New York at Buffalo, NY; Mayo Clinic Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (M.R., J.-M.T.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (G.S.A.), Loma Linda University Children's Hospital, CA; Lourie Center for Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis (A.B.), Stony Brook University Hospital, NY; Epidemiology (L.F.B.), University of California, Berkeley; Department of Neurology (J.W.R.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders Program (M.P.G., L.A.B.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Primary Children's Hospital (M.C.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Partners Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Center for Pediatric-Onset Demyelinating Disease (Y.C.H.), Children's Hospital of Alabama, University of Alabama, Birmingham; Children's National Medical Center (I.L.K.), Washington, DC; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (J.H.), University of California San Francisco; The Blue Bird Circle Clinic for Multiple Sclerosis (T.E.L.), Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston; Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (M.R.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago (J.P.R.), IL; Rocky Mountain Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.L.S.), Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora; Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (A.T.W.), PA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (L.K.), New York University; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (J.G.), University of California San Diego; and Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (E.W.), University of California San Francisco.

Teri L Schreiner (TL)

From the University of Texas Southwestern (B.M.G.), Department of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Dallas; Data Coordinating and Analysis Center (T.C.C., S.S.R., K.D.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Washington University (S.S.M.), St. Louis, MO; University of Alabama Birmingham (J.M.N.); The University of Texas Southwestern (P.P.), Department of Neurology, Dallas; Department of Radiology (S.L., M.G.), Washington University in St. Louis, MO; Jacobs Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.W.-G.), State University of New York at Buffalo, NY; Mayo Clinic Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (M.R., J.-M.T.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (G.S.A.), Loma Linda University Children's Hospital, CA; Lourie Center for Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis (A.B.), Stony Brook University Hospital, NY; Epidemiology (L.F.B.), University of California, Berkeley; Department of Neurology (J.W.R.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders Program (M.P.G., L.A.B.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Primary Children's Hospital (M.C.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Partners Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Center for Pediatric-Onset Demyelinating Disease (Y.C.H.), Children's Hospital of Alabama, University of Alabama, Birmingham; Children's National Medical Center (I.L.K.), Washington, DC; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (J.H.), University of California San Francisco; The Blue Bird Circle Clinic for Multiple Sclerosis (T.E.L.), Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston; Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (M.R.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago (J.P.R.), IL; Rocky Mountain Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.L.S.), Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora; Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (A.T.W.), PA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (L.K.), New York University; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (J.G.), University of California San Diego; and Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (E.W.), University of California San Francisco.

Jan-Mendelt Tillema (JM)

From the University of Texas Southwestern (B.M.G.), Department of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Dallas; Data Coordinating and Analysis Center (T.C.C., S.S.R., K.D.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Washington University (S.S.M.), St. Louis, MO; University of Alabama Birmingham (J.M.N.); The University of Texas Southwestern (P.P.), Department of Neurology, Dallas; Department of Radiology (S.L., M.G.), Washington University in St. Louis, MO; Jacobs Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.W.-G.), State University of New York at Buffalo, NY; Mayo Clinic Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (M.R., J.-M.T.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (G.S.A.), Loma Linda University Children's Hospital, CA; Lourie Center for Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis (A.B.), Stony Brook University Hospital, NY; Epidemiology (L.F.B.), University of California, Berkeley; Department of Neurology (J.W.R.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders Program (M.P.G., L.A.B.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Primary Children's Hospital (M.C.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Partners Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Center for Pediatric-Onset Demyelinating Disease (Y.C.H.), Children's Hospital of Alabama, University of Alabama, Birmingham; Children's National Medical Center (I.L.K.), Washington, DC; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (J.H.), University of California San Francisco; The Blue Bird Circle Clinic for Multiple Sclerosis (T.E.L.), Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston; Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (M.R.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago (J.P.R.), IL; Rocky Mountain Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.L.S.), Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora; Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (A.T.W.), PA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (L.K.), New York University; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (J.G.), University of California San Diego; and Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (E.W.), University of California San Francisco.

Amy Tara Waldman (AT)

From the University of Texas Southwestern (B.M.G.), Department of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Dallas; Data Coordinating and Analysis Center (T.C.C., S.S.R., K.D.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Washington University (S.S.M.), St. Louis, MO; University of Alabama Birmingham (J.M.N.); The University of Texas Southwestern (P.P.), Department of Neurology, Dallas; Department of Radiology (S.L., M.G.), Washington University in St. Louis, MO; Jacobs Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.W.-G.), State University of New York at Buffalo, NY; Mayo Clinic Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (M.R., J.-M.T.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (G.S.A.), Loma Linda University Children's Hospital, CA; Lourie Center for Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis (A.B.), Stony Brook University Hospital, NY; Epidemiology (L.F.B.), University of California, Berkeley; Department of Neurology (J.W.R.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders Program (M.P.G., L.A.B.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Primary Children's Hospital (M.C.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Partners Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Center for Pediatric-Onset Demyelinating Disease (Y.C.H.), Children's Hospital of Alabama, University of Alabama, Birmingham; Children's National Medical Center (I.L.K.), Washington, DC; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (J.H.), University of California San Francisco; The Blue Bird Circle Clinic for Multiple Sclerosis (T.E.L.), Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston; Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (M.R.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago (J.P.R.), IL; Rocky Mountain Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.L.S.), Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora; Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (A.T.W.), PA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (L.K.), New York University; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (J.G.), University of California San Diego; and Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (E.W.), University of California San Francisco.

Lauren Krupp (L)

From the University of Texas Southwestern (B.M.G.), Department of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Dallas; Data Coordinating and Analysis Center (T.C.C., S.S.R., K.D.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Washington University (S.S.M.), St. Louis, MO; University of Alabama Birmingham (J.M.N.); The University of Texas Southwestern (P.P.), Department of Neurology, Dallas; Department of Radiology (S.L., M.G.), Washington University in St. Louis, MO; Jacobs Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.W.-G.), State University of New York at Buffalo, NY; Mayo Clinic Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (M.R., J.-M.T.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (G.S.A.), Loma Linda University Children's Hospital, CA; Lourie Center for Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis (A.B.), Stony Brook University Hospital, NY; Epidemiology (L.F.B.), University of California, Berkeley; Department of Neurology (J.W.R.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders Program (M.P.G., L.A.B.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Primary Children's Hospital (M.C.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Partners Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Center for Pediatric-Onset Demyelinating Disease (Y.C.H.), Children's Hospital of Alabama, University of Alabama, Birmingham; Children's National Medical Center (I.L.K.), Washington, DC; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (J.H.), University of California San Francisco; The Blue Bird Circle Clinic for Multiple Sclerosis (T.E.L.), Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston; Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (M.R.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago (J.P.R.), IL; Rocky Mountain Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.L.S.), Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora; Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (A.T.W.), PA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (L.K.), New York University; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (J.G.), University of California San Diego; and Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (E.W.), University of California San Francisco.
ORCID: 0000-0001-7003-807X

Jennifer Graves (J)

From the University of Texas Southwestern (B.M.G.), Department of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Dallas; Data Coordinating and Analysis Center (T.C.C., S.S.R., K.D.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Washington University (S.S.M.), St. Louis, MO; University of Alabama Birmingham (J.M.N.); The University of Texas Southwestern (P.P.), Department of Neurology, Dallas; Department of Radiology (S.L., M.G.), Washington University in St. Louis, MO; Jacobs Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.W.-G.), State University of New York at Buffalo, NY; Mayo Clinic Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (M.R., J.-M.T.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (G.S.A.), Loma Linda University Children's Hospital, CA; Lourie Center for Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis (A.B.), Stony Brook University Hospital, NY; Epidemiology (L.F.B.), University of California, Berkeley; Department of Neurology (J.W.R.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders Program (M.P.G., L.A.B.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Primary Children's Hospital (M.C.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Partners Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Center for Pediatric-Onset Demyelinating Disease (Y.C.H.), Children's Hospital of Alabama, University of Alabama, Birmingham; Children's National Medical Center (I.L.K.), Washington, DC; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (J.H.), University of California San Francisco; The Blue Bird Circle Clinic for Multiple Sclerosis (T.E.L.), Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston; Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (M.R.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago (J.P.R.), IL; Rocky Mountain Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.L.S.), Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora; Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (A.T.W.), PA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (L.K.), New York University; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (J.G.), University of California San Diego; and Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (E.W.), University of California San Francisco.

Kaylea Drake (K)

From the University of Texas Southwestern (B.M.G.), Department of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Dallas; Data Coordinating and Analysis Center (T.C.C., S.S.R., K.D.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Washington University (S.S.M.), St. Louis, MO; University of Alabama Birmingham (J.M.N.); The University of Texas Southwestern (P.P.), Department of Neurology, Dallas; Department of Radiology (S.L., M.G.), Washington University in St. Louis, MO; Jacobs Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.W.-G.), State University of New York at Buffalo, NY; Mayo Clinic Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (M.R., J.-M.T.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (G.S.A.), Loma Linda University Children's Hospital, CA; Lourie Center for Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis (A.B.), Stony Brook University Hospital, NY; Epidemiology (L.F.B.), University of California, Berkeley; Department of Neurology (J.W.R.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders Program (M.P.G., L.A.B.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Primary Children's Hospital (M.C.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Partners Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Center for Pediatric-Onset Demyelinating Disease (Y.C.H.), Children's Hospital of Alabama, University of Alabama, Birmingham; Children's National Medical Center (I.L.K.), Washington, DC; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (J.H.), University of California San Francisco; The Blue Bird Circle Clinic for Multiple Sclerosis (T.E.L.), Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston; Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (M.R.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago (J.P.R.), IL; Rocky Mountain Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.L.S.), Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora; Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (A.T.W.), PA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (L.K.), New York University; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (J.G.), University of California San Diego; and Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (E.W.), University of California San Francisco.

Emmanuelle Waubant (E)

From the University of Texas Southwestern (B.M.G.), Department of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Dallas; Data Coordinating and Analysis Center (T.C.C., S.S.R., K.D.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Washington University (S.S.M.), St. Louis, MO; University of Alabama Birmingham (J.M.N.); The University of Texas Southwestern (P.P.), Department of Neurology, Dallas; Department of Radiology (S.L., M.G.), Washington University in St. Louis, MO; Jacobs Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (B.W.-G.), State University of New York at Buffalo, NY; Mayo Clinic Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (M.R., J.-M.T.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (G.S.A.), Loma Linda University Children's Hospital, CA; Lourie Center for Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis (A.B.), Stony Brook University Hospital, NY; Epidemiology (L.F.B.), University of California, Berkeley; Department of Neurology (J.W.R.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders Program (M.P.G., L.A.B.), Boston Children's Hospital, MA; Primary Children's Hospital (M.C.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Partners Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.C.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Center for Pediatric-Onset Demyelinating Disease (Y.C.H.), Children's Hospital of Alabama, University of Alabama, Birmingham; Children's National Medical Center (I.L.K.), Washington, DC; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (J.H.), University of California San Francisco; The Blue Bird Circle Clinic for Multiple Sclerosis (T.E.L.), Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston; Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis (M.R.), Cleveland Clinic, OH; Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago (J.P.R.), IL; Rocky Mountain Multiple Sclerosis Center (T.L.S.), Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora; Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (A.T.W.), PA; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (L.K.), New York University; Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (J.G.), University of California San Diego; and Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Center (E.W.), University of California San Francisco.

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Classifications MeSH

questionsmedicales.fr › Personnes › Tranches d'âge › Adolescent › Familial History of Autoimmune Disorders Among...
questionsmedicales.fr › Maladies du système immunitaire › Maladies auto-immunes › Familial History of Autoimmune Disorders Among...
questionsmedicales.fr › Environnement et santé publique › Santé publique › Méthodes épidémiologiques › Caractéristiques des études épidémiologiques › Études épidémiologiques › Études cas-témoins › Familial History of Autoimmune Disorders Among...
questionsmedicales.fr › Personnes › Tranches d'âge › Enfant › Familial History of Autoimmune Disorders Among...
questionsmedicales.fr › Sciences sociales › Sociologie › Facteurs sociologiques › Famille › Familial History of Autoimmune Disorders Among...
questionsmedicales.fr › Eucaryotes › Animaux › Chordés › Vertébrés › Mammifères › Eutheria › Primates › Haplorhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Humains › Familial History of Autoimmune Disorders Among...
questionsmedicales.fr › Maladies du système immunitaire › Maladies auto-immunes › Maladies auto-immunes du système nerveux › Maladies démyélinisantes auto-immunes du SNC › Sclérose en plaques › Familial History of Autoimmune Disorders Among...
questionsmedicales.fr › Environnement et santé publique › Santé publique › Méthodes épidémiologiques › Statistiques comme sujet › Probabilité › Risque › Facteurs de risque › Familial History of Autoimmune Disorders Among...