Nutraceuticals in Viral Infections: An Overview of the Immunomodulating Properties.
coenzyme Q
lactoferrin
magnesium
polyphenols
resveratrol
selenium
vitamin A
vitamin D
zinc
Journal
Nutrients
ISSN: 2072-6643
Titre abrégé: Nutrients
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101521595
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
14 Jul 2021
14 Jul 2021
Historique:
received:
19
05
2021
revised:
10
07
2021
accepted:
12
07
2021
entrez:
10
8
2021
pubmed:
11
8
2021
medline:
17
8
2021
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Nutraceuticals, including vitamin D, vitamin A, zinc, lactoferrin, polyphenols coenzyme Q, magnesium, and selenium, are implicated in the modulation of the complex molecular pathways involved in the immune response against viral pathogens. A common element of the activity of nutraceuticals is their ability to enhance the innate immune response against pathogens by acting on the major cellular subsets and inducing the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and antimicrobial peptides. In some cases, this action is accompanied by a direct antimicrobial effect, as evidenced in the specific case of lactoferrin. Furthermore, nutraceuticals act through complex molecular mechanisms to minimize the damage caused by the activation of the immune system against pathogens, reducing the oxidative damage, influencing the antigen presentation, enhancing the differentiation and proliferation of regulatory T cells, driving the differentiation of lymphocyte subsets, and modulating the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. In this paper, we review the main molecular mechanisms responsible for the immunomodulatory function of nutraceuticals, focusing on the most relevant aspects for the prevention and treatment of viral infections.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34371920
pii: nu13072410
doi: 10.3390/nu13072410
pmc: PMC8308811
pii:
doi:
Substances chimiques
Antiviral Agents
0
Immunologic Factors
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
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