Awakening from post anoxic coma with burst suppression with identical bursts.

Anoxic brain injury Anoxic coma Burst suppression Cardiac arrest Electroencephalography Outcome Prognostication

Journal

Resuscitation plus
ISSN: 2666-5204
Titre abrégé: Resusc Plus
Pays: Netherlands
ID NLM: 101774410

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
Sep 2021
Historique:
received: 20 04 2021
revised: 14 06 2021
accepted: 02 07 2021
entrez: 13 8 2021
pubmed: 14 8 2021
medline: 14 8 2021
Statut: epublish

Résumé

Electroencephalography (EEG) is commonly used after cardiac arrest. Burst suppression with identical bursts (BSIB) has been reported as a perfectly specific predictor of poor outcome but published case series are small. We describe two patients with BSIB who awakened from coma after cardiac arrest. We identified two out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients with coma and BSIB. We determined the etiology of arrest, presenting neurological examination, potential confounders to neurological assessment, neurodiagnostics and time to awakening. We reviewed and interpreted EEGs using 2021 American Clinical Neurophysiology Society guidelines. We quantified identicality of bursts by calculating pairwise correlation coefficients between the first 500 ms of each aligned burst. In case one we present a 62-year-old man with OHCA secondary to septic shock. EEG showed burst suppression pattern, with bursts consisted of high amplitude generalized spike waves in lock-step with myoclonus (inter-burst correlation = 0.86). He followed commands 3 days after arrest, when repeat EEG showed a continuous, variable and reactive background without epileptiform activity. Case two was a 49-year-old woman with OHCA secondary to polysubstance overdose. Initial EEG revealed burst suppression with high amplitude generalized polyspike-wave bursts with associated myoclonus. She followed commands on post-arrest day 4, when repeat EEG showed a continuous, variable and reactive background with frequent runs of bifrontal predominant sharply contoured rhythmic delta activity. These cases highlight the perils of prognosticating with a single modality in comatose cardiac arrest patients.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
Electroencephalography (EEG) is commonly used after cardiac arrest. Burst suppression with identical bursts (BSIB) has been reported as a perfectly specific predictor of poor outcome but published case series are small. We describe two patients with BSIB who awakened from coma after cardiac arrest.
METHODS METHODS
We identified two out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients with coma and BSIB. We determined the etiology of arrest, presenting neurological examination, potential confounders to neurological assessment, neurodiagnostics and time to awakening. We reviewed and interpreted EEGs using 2021 American Clinical Neurophysiology Society guidelines. We quantified identicality of bursts by calculating pairwise correlation coefficients between the first 500 ms of each aligned burst.
RESULTS RESULTS
In case one we present a 62-year-old man with OHCA secondary to septic shock. EEG showed burst suppression pattern, with bursts consisted of high amplitude generalized spike waves in lock-step with myoclonus (inter-burst correlation = 0.86). He followed commands 3 days after arrest, when repeat EEG showed a continuous, variable and reactive background without epileptiform activity. Case two was a 49-year-old woman with OHCA secondary to polysubstance overdose. Initial EEG revealed burst suppression with high amplitude generalized polyspike-wave bursts with associated myoclonus. She followed commands on post-arrest day 4, when repeat EEG showed a continuous, variable and reactive background with frequent runs of bifrontal predominant sharply contoured rhythmic delta activity.
CONCLUSION CONCLUSIONS
These cases highlight the perils of prognosticating with a single modality in comatose cardiac arrest patients.

Identifiants

pubmed: 34386780
doi: 10.1016/j.resplu.2021.100151
pii: S2666-5204(21)00076-X
pmc: PMC8342773
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Pagination

100151

Informations de copyright

© 2021 The Author(s).

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Auteurs

Patrick J Coppler (PJ)

Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.

Amanda E Kusztos (AE)

University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.

Mark Andreae (M)

Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.

Brad W Butcher (BW)

Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.

Ankur Doshi (A)

Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.

Maria E Baldwin (ME)

Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.

Niravkumar Barot (N)

Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.

James F Castellano (JF)

Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.

Joanna S Fong-Isariyawongse (JS)

Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.

Alexandra Urban (A)

Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.

Clifton W Callaway (CW)

Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.

Alexis Steinberg (A)

Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.

Jonathan Elmer (J)

Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Department of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.

Classifications MeSH