Maternal Exposure and Neonatal Effects of Drugs of Abuse.
drug abuse
drug withdrawal symptoms
neonatal abstinence syndrome
opioid use
pregnancy physiology
substance use in pregnancy
Journal
Journal of clinical pharmacology
ISSN: 1552-4604
Titre abrégé: J Clin Pharmacol
Pays: England
ID NLM: 0366372
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
08 2021
08 2021
Historique:
received:
25
02
2021
accepted:
17
06
2021
entrez:
16
8
2021
pubmed:
17
8
2021
medline:
28
1
2022
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The public health crisis of pregnant women being exposed to drugs of abuse and of its impact on their unborn children continues to grow at an alarming rate globally. The state of pregnancy is unique, with physiological changes that can lead to changes in the way drugs are handled by the body in both pharmacokinetics and response. These changes place the pregnant woman, fetus, and newborn infant at risk, as many of these drugs can cross the placenta and into breast milk. The substances most commonly linked to harmful effects include alcohol, tobacco, cannabis, stimulants, and opioids. The pharmacological and toxicological changes caused by in utero exposure or breastfeeding exposure are difficult to study, and the full extent of the mechanisms involved are not fully understood. However, these changes can significantly affect the risks of substance abuse and influence optimal treatment of pregnant women with a substance use disorder. In addition, newborns who were exposed to drugs of abuse in utero can experience withdrawal syndromes. Pharmacological management in infants is used to guide and treat withdrawal symptoms, with the goal being to improve the infant's sleep, eating, and comfort. Several barriers may prevent pregnant women from seeking help for substance use, including stigma and interactions with the legal system. Understanding changes in pharmacology, including pharmacokinetic changes that happen during pregnancy, is essential for anticipating the extent of maternal exposure and neonatal adverse effects.
Substances chimiques
Illicit Drugs
0
Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System
9035-51-2
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
S142-S155Informations de copyright
© 2021, The American College of Clinical Pharmacology.
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