The prognosis and incidence of hepatic encephalopathy of patients with liver cirrhosis treated with proton pump inhibitors: A multicenter retrospective study in Japan.
Journal
Medicine
ISSN: 1536-5964
Titre abrégé: Medicine (Baltimore)
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 2985248R
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
13 Aug 2021
13 Aug 2021
Historique:
received:
23
06
2020
accepted:
22
11
2020
entrez:
16
8
2021
pubmed:
17
8
2021
medline:
24
8
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Gastrointestinal bleeding, hepatic encephalopathy (HE), and hepatocarcinogenesis are associated with the prognosis of patients with liver cirrhosis (LC). Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) have been used to prevent bleeding, however the effects of PPIs on overall survival have not yet been elucidated. Therefore, this multicenter retrospective study aimed to assess the effect of PPI on the prognosis and HE occurrence of the patients with liver cirrhosis in Japan.A total of 456 patients diagnosed with LC at the 4 institutes during the study period (2010-2014) were assessed. PPI-treated and non-treated patients were compared using propensity score matching analysis. Primary and secondary endpoints of the study were set as the occurrence of HE and overall survival, respectively.A comparison of all cases showed a significantly poorer hepatic reserve function in the PPI-treated patients. The propensity-score matching analysis was performed and 120 PPI-treated patients were 1:1 matched with non-treated patients. The analysis revealed a higher incidence of HE in the PPI-treated than in the non-treated patients (P = .032; hazard ratio [HR], 2.162; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.066-4.176), but the prognosis of PPI-treated patients was no worse than that of non-treated patients (P = .676; HR, 1.101; 95% CI, 0.702-1.726).This retrospective study showed that PPI administration for the patients with liver cirrhosis may partly be related to the increased incidence of HE but not worsen the patient prognosis.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34397919
doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000026902
pii: 00005792-202108130-00053
pmc: PMC8360404
doi:
Substances chimiques
Proton Pump Inhibitors
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Multicenter Study
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
e26902Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2021 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
The authors have no conflicts of interests to disclose.
Références
D’Amico G, Garcia-Tsao G, Pagliaro L. Natural history and prognostic indicators of survival in cirrhosis: a systematic review of 118 studies. J Hepatol 2006;44:217–31.
Wijdicks EF. Hepatic encephalopathy. N Engl J Med 2016;375:1660–70.
Wiest R, Lawson M, Geuking M. Pathological bacterial translocation in liver cirrhosis. J Hepatol 2014;60:197–209.
Ferenci P, Lockwood A, Mullen K, Tarter R, Weissenborn K, Blei AT. Hepatic encephalopathy--definition, nomenclature, diagnosis, and quantification: final report of the working party at the 11th World Congresses of Gastroenterology, Vienna, 1998. Hepatology 2002;35:716–21.
Ciećko-Michalska I, Szczepanek M, Słowik A, Mach T. Pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2012;2012:642108.
Funakoshi N, Duny Y, Valats JC, et al. Meta-analysis: beta-blockers versus banding ligation for primary prophylaxis of esophageal variceal bleeding. Ann Hepatol 2012;11:369–83.
Kantor ED, Rehm CD, Haas JS, Chan AT, Giovannucci EL. Trends in prescription drug use among adults in the United States From 1999-2012. JAMA 2015;314:1818–31.
Hidaka H, Nakazawa T, Wang G, et al. Long-term administration of PPI reduces treatment failures after esophageal variceal band ligation: a randomized, controlled trial. J Gastroenterol 2012;47:118–26.
Lo GH, Perng DS, Chang CY, Tai CM, Wang HM, Lin HC. Controlled trial of ligation plus vasoconstrictor versus proton pump inhibitor in the control of acute esophageal variceal bleeding. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2013;28:684–9.
Moayyedi P, Eikelboom JW, Bosch J, et al. Pantoprazole to prevent gastroduodenal events in patients receiving rivaroxaban and/or aspirin in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Gastroenterology 2019;157:403–12.
Khan MA, Cholankeril G, Howden CW. Proton pump inhibitors and the possible development of hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhotic patients: True association or residual confounding? Gastroenterology 2017;152:2076.
Nardelli S, Lattanzi B, Merli M, et al. Muscle alterations are associated with minimal and overt hepatic encephalopathy in patients with liver cirrhosis. Hepatology 2019;70:1704–13.
Vilstrup H, Amodio P, Bajaj J, et al. Hepatic encephalopathy in chronic liver disease: 2014 practice guideline by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases and the European Association for the Study of the Liver. Hepatology 2014;60:715–35.
Qin N, Yang F, Li A, et al. Alterations of the human gut microbiome in liver cirrhosis. Nature 2014;513:59–64.
Yamamoto K, Ishigami M, Honda T, et al. Influence of proton pump inhibitors on microbiota in chronic liver disease patients. Hepatol Int 2019;13:234–44.
Terg R, Casciato P, Garbe C, et al. Proton pump inhibitor therapy does not increase the incidence of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhosis: a multicenter prospective study. J Hepatol 2015;62:1056–60.
Dam G, Vilstrup H, Watson H, Jepsen P. Proton pump inhibitors as a risk factor for hepatic encephalopathy and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in patients with cirrhosis with ascites. Hepatology 2016;64:1265–72.
Huang KW, Kuan YC, Luo JC, Lin CL, Liang JA, Kao CH. Impact of long-term gastric acid suppression on spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in patients with advanced decompensated liver cirrhosis. Eur J Intern Med 2016;32:91–5.
Cole HL, Pennycook S, Hayes PC. The impact of proton pump inhibitor therapy on patients with liver disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2016;44:1213–23.
Tsai CF, Chen MH, Wang YP, et al. Proton pump inhibitors increase risk for hepatic encephalopathy in patients with cirrhosis in a population study. Gastroenterology 2017;152:134–41.
Schiavon LL, Silva TE, Fischer J, Narciso-Schiavon JL. Letter: proton pump inhibitors and prognosis of cirrhosis - searching for the balance point. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2017;45:378–9.
Hung TH, Lee HF, Tseng CW, Tsai CC, Tsai CC. Effect of proton pump inhibitors in hospitalization on mortality of patients with hepatic encephalopathy and cirrhosis but no active gastrointestinal bleeding. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2018;42:353–9.
Fasullo M, Rau P, Liu DQ, et al. Proton pump inhibitors increase the severity of hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhotic patients. World J Hepatol 2019;11:522–30.
Nardelli S, Gioia S, Ridola L, Farcomeni A, Merli M, Riggio O. Proton pump inhibitors are associated with minimal and overt hepatic encephalopathy and increased mortality in patients with cirrhosis. Hepatology 2019;70:640–9.
Tantai XX, Yang LB, Wei ZC, et al. Association of proton pump inhibitors with risk of hepatic encephalopathy in advanced liver disease: A meta-analysis. World J Gastroenterol 2019;25:2683–98.
Ma YJ, Cao ZX, Li Y, Feng SY. Proton pump inhibitor use increases hepatic encephalopathy risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis. World J Gastroenterol 2019;25:2675–82.
Shi D, Zhou Z, Dai Y, Pan X, Cao Q. Proton pump inhibitor therapy and hepatic encephalopathy risk in cirrhotic patients: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Clin Drug Investig 2019;39:847–56.
Kuan YC, Huang KW, Lin CL, Luo JC, Kao CH. Short-term proton pump inhibitor use and hepatic encephalopathy risk in patients with decompensated cirrhosis. J Clin Med 2019;8:1108.
Zhu J, Qi X, Yu H, et al. Association of proton pump inhibitors with the risk of hepatic encephalopathy during hospitalization for liver cirrhosis. United European Gastroenterol J 2018;6:1179–87.
Pan Z, Wu XJ, Li JS, Liu FN, Li WS, Han JM. Functional hepatic flow in patients with liver cirrhosis. World J Gastroenterol 2004;10:915–8.
Andersson T, Miners JO, Veronese ME, Birkett DJ. Identification of human liver cytochrome P450 isoforms mediating secondary omeprazole metabolism. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1994;37:597–604.
Katsuki H, Nakamura C, Arimori K, Fujiyama S, Nakano M. Genetic polymorphism of CYP2C19 and lansoprazole pharmacokinetics in Japanese subjects. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1997;52:391–6.
Yasuda S, Ohnishi A, Ogawa T, et al. Pharmacokinetic properties of E3810, a new proton pump inhibitor, in healthy male volunteers. Int J Clin Pharmacol Ther 1994;32:466–73.
VandenBranden M, Ring BJ, Binkley SN, Wrighton SA. Interaction of human liver cytochromes P450 in vitro with LY307640, a gastric proton pump inhibitor. Pharmacogenetics 1996;6:81–91.
Dultz G, Piiper A, Zeuzem S, Kronenberger B, Waidmann O. Proton pump inhibitor treatment is associated with the severity of liver disease and increased mortality in patients with cirrhosis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2015;41:459–66.
de Vos M, De Vroey B, Garcia BG, et al. Role of proton pump inhibitors in the occurrence and the prognosis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhotic patients with ascites. Liver Int 2013;33:1316–23.
Lo EA, Wilby KJ, Ensom MH. Use of proton pump inhibitors in the management of gastroesophageal varices: a systematic review. Ann Pharmacother 2015;49:207–19.
Ebadi M, Bhanji RA, Montano-Loza AJ. Ethnic disparities in the prognosis of cirrhosis. Transplantation 2019;103:2462–3.
Wedemeyer RS, Blume H. Pharmacokinetic drug interaction profiles of proton pump inhibitors: an update. Drug Saf 2014;37:201–11.