Accuracy of the Apple Watch iECG in Children With and Without Congenital Heart Disease.
Apple Watch
ECG
Pediatric cardiology
Smart watch
Telemedicine
iECG
Journal
Pediatric cardiology
ISSN: 1432-1971
Titre abrégé: Pediatr Cardiol
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 8003849
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
Jan 2022
Jan 2022
Historique:
received:
03
05
2021
accepted:
21
08
2021
pubmed:
2
9
2021
medline:
21
1
2022
entrez:
1
9
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
The development of smart technologies paves the way for new diagnostic modalities. The Apple Watch provides an FDA approved iECG function for users from 22 years of age. Yet, there are currently no data on the accuracy of the Apple Watch iECG in children. While arrhythmias are a frequent phenomenon in children, especially those with congenital heart disease, the increasing spread of smart watches provides the possibility to use a smart watch as mobile event recorder in case of suspected arrhythmia. This may help to provide valuable information to the treating physician, without having the patient to come to the hospital. Necessary treatment adjustments might be provided without timely delay. The aim of this study was therefore to evaluate the agreement of measured values of rate, interval, and amplitude with those obtained by a diagnostic quality ECG recording to an Apple Watch iECG in children with and without congenital heart disease. In this prospective, single-arm study, consecutive patients aged 0-16 years presenting to the Heart Center Leipzig, Department for pediatric cardiology were included. After obtaining informed consent from participants' parents, a 12-lead ECG and an iECG using an Apple Watch were performed. Cardiac rhythm was classified, amplitudes and timing intervals were measured and analyzed in iECG and 12-lead ECG for comparability. These measurements were performed blinded to the patients' history by two experienced pediatric cardiologists. Patient demographic data, medical and cardiac history were assessed. 215 children between 0 and 16 years were enrolled. Comparison of amplitudes and timing intervals between ECG and iECG showed excellent correlation (K > 0.7, p < 0.01) in all parameters except for the p-waves. Automatic rhythm classification was inferior to manual interpretation of ECG / iECG, while iECG interpretation was reliable in 94.86% of cases. The study demonstrates equal quality of the Apple Watch derived iECG compared to a lead I in 12-lead ECG in children of all age groups and independent from cardiac anatomy.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34468775
doi: 10.1007/s00246-021-02715-w
pii: 10.1007/s00246-021-02715-w
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
191-196Informations de copyright
© 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
Références
Samol A, Bischof K, Luani B, Pascut D, Wiemer M, Kaese S (2019) Single-lead ECG recordings including Einthoven and Wilson leads by a smartwatch: a new era of patient directed early ECG differential diagnosis of cardiac diseases? Sensors 19(20):4377
doi: 10.3390/s19204377
Drexler M, Elsner C, Gabelmann V, Gori T, Münzel T (2020) Apple Watch detecting coronary ischaemia during chest pain episodes or an apple a day may keep myocardial infarction away. Eur Heart J 2020:290
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/cdrh_docs/pdf18/DEN180044.pdf . Accessed 17 Feb 2020
Berger S, Dubin AM (2010) Arrhythmogenic forms of heart failure in children. Heart Fail Clin 6(4):471–481
doi: 10.1016/j.hfc.2010.05.006
Siddeek H, Fisher K, McMakin S, Bass JL, Cortez D (2020) AVNRT captured by Apple Watch Series 4: can the Apple watch be used as an event monitor? Noninvasive Electrocardiol 2020:e12742
Yerasi C, O’Donoghue S, Satler LF, Waksman R (2020) Apple Watch detecting high-grade block after transcatheter aortic valve implantation. Eur Heart J 41(10):1096
doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz854
van der Linde D, Konings EE, Slager MA, Witsenburg M, Helbing WA, Takkenberg JJ (2011) Birth prevalence of congenital heart disease worldwide: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Am Coll Cardiol 58(21):2241–2247
doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2011.08.025
Kline J, Costantini O (2019) Arrhythmias in congenital heart disease. Med Clin North Am 103(5):945–956
doi: 10.1016/j.mcna.2019.04.007
Behzadi A, Shamloo AS, Mouratis K, Hindricks G, Arya A, Bollmann A (2020) Feasibility and reliability of SmartWatch to obtain 3-lead electrocardiogram recordings. Sensors 20(18):5074
doi: 10.3390/s20185074