Micro and Nano-Plastics in the Environment: Research Priorities for the Near Future.
Additives
Environmental risk
Internalization
Microbial colonization
Microplastics
Nanoplastics
Standardization
Journal
Reviews of environmental contamination and toxicology
ISSN: 0179-5953
Titre abrégé: Rev Environ Contam Toxicol
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 8703602
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2021
2021
Historique:
pubmed:
7
9
2021
medline:
20
11
2021
entrez:
6
9
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Plastic litter dispersed in the different environmental compartments represents one of the most concerning problems associated with human activities. Specifically, plastic particles in the micro and nano size scale are ubiquitous and represent a threat to human health and the environment. In the last few decades, a huge amount of research has been devoted to evaluate several aspects of micro/nano-plastic contamination: origin and emissions, presence in different compartments, environmental fate, effects on human health and the environment, transfer in the food web and the role of associated chemicals and microorganisms. Nevertheless, despite the bulk of information produced, several knowledge gaps still exist. The objective of this paper is to highlight the most important of these knowledge gaps and to provide suggestions for the main research needs required to describe and understand the most controversial points to better orient the research efforts for the near future. Some of the major issues that need further efforts to improve our knowledge on the exposure, effects and risk of micro/nano-plastics are: harmonization of sampling procedures; development of more accurate, less expensive and less time-consuming analytical methods; assessment of degradation patterns and environmental fate of fragments; evaluating the capabilities for bioaccumulation and transfer to the food web; and evaluating the fate and the impact of chemicals and microorganisms associated with micro/nano-plastics. The major gaps in all sectors of our knowledge, from exposure to potentially harmful effects, refer to small size microplastics and, particularly, to the occurrence, fate and effects of nanoplastics.
Substances chimiques
Microplastics
0
Plastics
0
Water Pollutants, Chemical
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
163-218Informations de copyright
© 2021. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
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