Appropriate care for the elderly in the ICU.
ICU admission
ageing
autonomy
distributive justice
end-of-life
frailty
proportional care
terminal sedation
withdrawing
withholding
Journal
Journal of internal medicine
ISSN: 1365-2796
Titre abrégé: J Intern Med
Pays: England
ID NLM: 8904841
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
04 2022
04 2022
Historique:
pubmed:
7
9
2021
medline:
29
3
2022
entrez:
6
9
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Life expectancy is rising worldwide and increasing numbers of elderly patients are being admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). Because ageing is associated with changes in organ function, increased frailty, reduced activities of daily living, reduced mobility, and reduced cognition, elderly patients represent a particular subgroup of ICU patients. Ethical decisions related to the appropriateness of intensive care and/or life-sustaining interventions, the withdrawing and withholding of life support, and terminal sedation are more frequent in these patients and will be discussed in this review. Such decisions must be tailored to the individual to take into consideration personal beliefs and wishes.
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
458-468Informations de copyright
© 2021 The Association for the Publication of the Journal of Internal Medicine.
Références
European Commission. European Commission Report on the impact of demgraphic change. https://ec.europa.eu/info/sites/default/files/demography_report_2020_n.pdf. Accessed on 02-08-21.
Eurostat. Population structure and ageing. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=Population_structure_and_ageing.
United Nations World Population Ageing 2019. Highlights. https://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/publications/pdf/ageing/WorldPopulationAgeing2019-Highlights.pdf.
Flaatten H, Beil M, Guidet B. Elderly patients in the intensive care unit. Semin Respir Crit Care Med. 2021;42:10-9.
Vincent JL, Lefrant JY, Kotfis K, Nanchal R, Martin-Loeches I, Wittebole X, et al. Comparison of European ICU patients in 2012 (ICON) versus 2002 (SOAP). Intensive Care Med. 2018;44:337-44.
Khan SS, Singer BD, Vaughan DE. Molecular and physiological manifestations and measurement of aging in humans. Aging Cell. 2017;16:624-33.
Heyland D, Cook D, Bagshaw SM, Garland A, Stelfox HT, Mehta S, et al. The very elderly admitted to ICU: A quality finish? Crit Care Med. 2015;43:1352-60.
Rolnick JA, Ersek M, Wachterman MW, Halpern SD. The quality of end-of-life care among ICU versus ward decedents. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2020;201:832-9.
Guidet B, de Lange DW, Boumendil A, Leaver S, Watson X, Boulanger C, et al. The contribution of frailty, cognition, activity of daily life and comorbidities on outcome in acutely admitted patients over 80 years in European ICUs: The VIP2 study. Intensive Care Med. 2020;46:57-69.
Jung C, Flaatten H, Fjølner J, Bruno RR, Wernly B, Artigas A, et al. The impact of frailty on survival in elderly intensive care patients with COVID-19: The COVIP study. Crit Care. 2021;25:149
Brummel NE, Bell SP, Girard TD, Pandharipande PP, Jackson JC, Morandi A, et al. Frailty and subsequent disability and mortality among patients with critical illness. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2017;196:64-72.
Muscedere J, Waters B, Varambally A, Bagshaw SM, Boyd JG, Maslove D, et al. The impact of frailty on intensive care unit outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Intensive Care Med. 2017;43:1105-22.
Tyrrell CSB, Mytton OT, Gentry SV, Thomas-Meyer M, Allen JLY, Narula AA, et al. Managing intensive care admissions when there are not enough beds during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review. Thorax. 2021;76:302-12.
Ferrante LE, Pisani MA, Murphy TE, Gahbauer EA, Leo-Summers LS, Gill TM, et al. Functional trajectories among older persons before and after critical illness. JAMA Intern Med. 2015;175: 523-9.
Escher M, Cullati S, Hudelson P, Nendaz M, Ricou B, Perneger T, et al. Admission to intensive care: A qualitative study of triage and its determinants. Health Serv Res. 2019;54:474-83.
Lieberman D, Nachshon L, Miloslavsky O, Dvorkin V, Shimoni A, Zelinger J, et al. Elderly patients undergoing mechanical ventilation in and out of intensive care units: A comparative, prospective study of 579 ventilations. Crit Care. 2010;14:R48
Maves RC, Downar J, Dichter JR, Hick JL, Devereaux A, Geiling JA, et al. Triage of scarce critical care resources in COVID-19 An implementation guide for regional allocation: An expert panel report of the task force for mass critical care and the American College of Chest Physicians. Chest. 2020;158:212-25.
Emanuel EJ, Persad G, Upshur R, Thome B, Parker M, Glickman A, et al. Fair allocation of scarce medical resources in the time of Covid-19. N Engl J Med. 2020;382:2049-55.
Rubin EB, Buehler AE, Halpern SD. States worse than death among hospitalized patients with serious illnesses. JAMA Intern Med. 2016;176:1557-9.
Osler W. The principles and practice of medicine. New York: D Appleton; 1920.
Chambaere K, Vander Stichele R, Mortier F, Cohen J, Deliens L. Recent trends in euthanasia and other end-of-life practices in Belgium. N Engl J Med. 2015;372:1179-81.
Anton Travis Manasco, Judith A. Linden. Does my mother really need that central line? JAMA Intern Med. 2015;175:1267
Hippocrates (translation by WHS Jones). The art. Hippocrates Vol II. London: Heinemann; 1959. pp. 192.
Comité consultatif de Bioéthique de Belgique. Avis n° 41 du 16 avril 2007 relatif au consentement éclairé et aux Codes « D.N.R ». https://www.health.belgium.be/sites/default/files/uploads/fields/fpshealth_theme_file/avis_41_dnr_1.pdf
Cook I, Kirkup AL, Langham LJ, Malik MA, Marlow G, Sammy I. End of life care and do not resuscitate orders: How much does age influence decision making? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Gerontol Geriatr Med. 2017;3:2333721417713422
Adams SD, Cotton BA, Wade CE, Kozar RA, Dipasupil E, Podbielski JM, et al. Do not resuscitate status, not age, affects outcomes after injury: An evaluation of 15,227 consecutive trauma patients. J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2013;74:1327-30.
Boyd K, Teres D, Rapoport J, Lemeshow S. The relationship between age and the use of DNR orders in critical care patients. Evidence for age discrimination. Arch Intern Med. 1996;156:1821-6.
Ferdinande P, Berré J, Colardyn F, , Damas P, de Marré F, Devlieger H, et al. La fin de la vie en médecine intensive. Réanimation. 2001;10:340-1.
Cameron J, Savulescu J, Wilkinson D. Is withdrawing treatment really more problematic than withholding treatment? J Med Ethics. 2020. doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/medethics-2020-106330.
Abrams D, Lorusso R, Vincent JL, Brodie D. ECMO during the COVID-19 pandemic: When is it unjustified? Crit Care. 2020;24:507
Vincent JL. Withdrawing may be preferable to withholding. Crit Care. 2005;9:226-9.
Vink EE, Azoulay E, Caplan A, Kompanje EJO, Bakker J. Time-limited trial of intensive care treatment: An overview of current literature. Intensive Care Med. 2018;44:1369-77.
Chang DW, Neville TH, Parrish J, Ewing L, Rico C, Jara L, et al. Evaluation of time-limited trials among critically ill patients with advanced medical illnesses and reduction of nonbeneficial ICU treatments. JAMA Intern Med. 2021;181: 786-94.
Vincent JL, Schetz M, De Waele JJ, de Cléty SC, Michaux I, Sottiaux T, et al. “Piece” of mind: End of life in the intensive care unit statement of the Belgian Society of Intensive Care Medicine. J Crit Care. 2014;29:174-5.
Kelemen AM, Groninger H. Ambiguity in end-of-life care terminology-What do we mean by “comfort care?”. JAMA Intern Med. 2018;178:1442-3.
Council on Scientific Affairs and Council on Ethical and Judicial Affairs. Persistent vegetative state and the decision to withdraw or withhold life support. JAMA. 1990;263:426-30.
Asch DA. The role of critical care nurses in euthanasia and assisted suicide. N Engl J Med. 1996;334:1374-9.
Vincent JL, Taccone FS. Understanding pathways to death in patients with COVID-19. Lancet Respir Med. 2020;8:430-2.
Halpern SD, Small DS, Troxel AB, Cooney E, Bayes B, Chowdhury M, et al. Effect of default options in advance directives on hospital-free days and care choices among seriously ill patients: A randomized clinical trial. JAMA Netw Open. 2020;3:e201742
Smirdec M, Jourdain M, Guastella V, Lambert C, Richard JC, Argaud L, et al. Impact of advance directives on the variability between intensivists in the decisions to forgo life-sustaining treatment. Crit Care. 2020;24:672
Vincent JL. Forgoing life support in western European intensive care units: The results of an ethical questionnaire. Crit Care Med. 1999;27:1626-33.
Yaguchi A, Truog RD, Curtis JR, Luce JM, Levy MM, Mélot C, et al. International differences in end-of-life attitudes in the intensive care unit: Results of a survey. Arch Intern Med. 2005;165:1970-5.
Ravitsky V. Timers on ventilators. BMJ. 2005;330:415-7.
LOI n° 2016-87 du 2 février 2016 créant de nouveaux droits en faveur des malades et des personnes en fin de vie February 2, 2016. https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/eli/loi/2016/2/2/AFSX1507642L/jo/texte.
European Council. Guide on the decision-making process regarding medical treatment in end-of-life situations. https://rm.coe.int/CoERMPublicCommonSearchServices/DisplayDCTMContent?documentId=090000168039e8c5.
Myburgh J, Abillama F, Chiumello D, Dobb G, Jacobe S, Kleinpell R, et al. End-of-life care in the intensive care unit: Report from the Task Force of World Federation of Societies of Intensive and Critical Care Medicine. J Crit Care. 2016;34:125-30.