Applied ecoimmunology: using immunological tools to improve conservation efforts in a changing world.
Journal
Conservation physiology
ISSN: 2051-1434
Titre abrégé: Conserv Physiol
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101656116
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2021
2021
Historique:
received:
14
04
2021
revised:
27
07
2021
accepted:
09
08
2021
entrez:
13
9
2021
pubmed:
14
9
2021
medline:
14
9
2021
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Ecoimmunology is a rapidly developing field that explores how the environment shapes immune function, which in turn influences host-parasite relationships and disease outcomes. Host immune defence is a key fitness determinant because it underlies the capacity of animals to resist or tolerate potential infections. Importantly, immune function can be suppressed, depressed, reconfigured or stimulated by exposure to rapidly changing environmental drivers like temperature, pollutants and food availability. Thus, hosts may experience trade-offs resulting from altered investment in immune function under environmental stressors. As such, approaches in ecoimmunology can provide powerful tools to assist in the conservation of wildlife. Here, we provide case studies that explore the diverse ways that ecoimmunology can inform and advance conservation efforts, from understanding how Galapagos finches will fare with introduced parasites, to using methods from human oncology to design vaccines against a transmissible cancer in Tasmanian devils. In addition, we discuss the future of ecoimmunology and present 10 questions that can help guide this emerging field to better inform conservation decisions and biodiversity protection. From better linking changes in immune function to disease outcomes under different environmental conditions, to understanding how individual variation contributes to disease dynamics in wild populations, there is immense potential for ecoimmunology to inform the conservation of imperilled hosts in the face of new and re-emerging pathogens, in addition to improving the detection and management of emerging potential zoonoses.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34512994
doi: 10.1093/conphys/coab074
pii: coab074
pmc: PMC8422949
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Pagination
coab074Informations de copyright
© The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press and the Society for Experimental Biology.
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