High-resolution mass spectrometry reveals a complex ganglioside pattern and novel polysialylated structures associated with the human motor cortex.

We have developed here a superior methodology based on high-resolution mass spectrometry for screening and fragmentation analysis of gangliosides extracted and purified from the human motor cortex . The experiments, conducted on a nanoelectrospray Orbitrap mass spectroscope in the negative ion mode, allowed the discrimination in the native mixture extracted from human motor cortex of no less than 83 different gangliosides, which represents the highest number of structures identified so far in this brain region. The spectral data, acquired in high-resolution mass spectrometry mode with a remarkable sensitivity and an average mass accuracy of 4.48 ppm, also show that the gangliosidome of motor cortex is generally characterized by species exhibiting a much higher degree of sialylation than previously known. Motor cortex was found dominated by complex structures with a sialylation degree ≥3, exhibiting long saccharide chains, in the G1 class. Fucogangliosides and species with the glycan chain elongated by either