Determinants of Higher-Risk Sexual Behavior in Some Selected African Countries.


Journal

Scientifica
ISSN: 2090-908X
Titre abrégé: Scientifica (Cairo)
Pays: Egypt
ID NLM: 101589932

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
2021
Historique:
received: 05 07 2021
accepted: 24 08 2021
entrez: 16 9 2021
pubmed: 17 9 2021
medline: 17 9 2021
Statut: epublish

Résumé

Although higher-risk sexual behavior (H-RSB) is a major contributor to the rapid rising rate of new HIV infections, there exists paucity of comprehensive evidence across the sub-Saharan African region. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of H-RSB and its determinants across sub-Saharan Africa to inform policy. Data were obtained from the Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) of ten sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries with their three most current DHS surveys from 2000 to 2016. Only participants who ever had sexual encounters in their lifetime were included in the study. Weighted adjusted Cox regression with robust variance and constant time was used to investigate disparities of H-RSB among the ten SSA countries. Relationships between sociodemographic, socioeconomic, knowledge, mass media, and H-RSB were investigated. The trend and prevalence of higher-risk sexual behavior show that Lesotho experienced a decreasing trend of the prevalence of H-RSB from 8.92 in period one to 6.42 in period three. Ghana experienced a marginal increase from 6.22 in period one to 6.76 in period two and then to 6.43 in the third period. However, Malawi, Zambia, and Zimbabwe obtained a marginal increasing trend in the prevalence of H-RSB from period one to three: 2.75 to 3.74, 4.33 to 6.24, and 6.11 to 7.99, respectively. Meanwhile, the prevalence of H-RSB in Namibia and Uganda decreased in period two to 1.84 and 5.76 but increased in period three to 2.01 and 6.83, respectively. Generally, determinants of H-RSB among the countries include age, sex, religious affiliation, marital status, educational level, employment status, economic status, age at first sex, and status of circumcision. Trend of relatively high prevalence of H-RSB has been found across majority of the countries with key sociodemographic factors influencing H-RSB. Therefore, different targeted interventional approaches are needed in all the countries to help reduce H-RSB and the overall HIV incidence. If issues regarding sexual behavior and sexual health are not addressed adequately, H-RSB can negate all the appreciable efforts aimed at ending the HIV pandemic by 2030.

Sections du résumé

BACKGROUND BACKGROUND
Although higher-risk sexual behavior (H-RSB) is a major contributor to the rapid rising rate of new HIV infections, there exists paucity of comprehensive evidence across the sub-Saharan African region. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of H-RSB and its determinants across sub-Saharan Africa to inform policy.
METHOD METHODS
Data were obtained from the Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) of ten sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries with their three most current DHS surveys from 2000 to 2016. Only participants who ever had sexual encounters in their lifetime were included in the study. Weighted adjusted Cox regression with robust variance and constant time was used to investigate disparities of H-RSB among the ten SSA countries. Relationships between sociodemographic, socioeconomic, knowledge, mass media, and H-RSB were investigated.
RESULTS RESULTS
The trend and prevalence of higher-risk sexual behavior show that Lesotho experienced a decreasing trend of the prevalence of H-RSB from 8.92 in period one to 6.42 in period three. Ghana experienced a marginal increase from 6.22 in period one to 6.76 in period two and then to 6.43 in the third period. However, Malawi, Zambia, and Zimbabwe obtained a marginal increasing trend in the prevalence of H-RSB from period one to three: 2.75 to 3.74, 4.33 to 6.24, and 6.11 to 7.99, respectively. Meanwhile, the prevalence of H-RSB in Namibia and Uganda decreased in period two to 1.84 and 5.76 but increased in period three to 2.01 and 6.83, respectively. Generally, determinants of H-RSB among the countries include age, sex, religious affiliation, marital status, educational level, employment status, economic status, age at first sex, and status of circumcision.
CONCLUSION CONCLUSIONS
Trend of relatively high prevalence of H-RSB has been found across majority of the countries with key sociodemographic factors influencing H-RSB. Therefore, different targeted interventional approaches are needed in all the countries to help reduce H-RSB and the overall HIV incidence. If issues regarding sexual behavior and sexual health are not addressed adequately, H-RSB can negate all the appreciable efforts aimed at ending the HIV pandemic by 2030.

Identifiants

pubmed: 34527387
doi: 10.1155/2021/8089293
pmc: PMC8437602
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article

Langues

eng

Pagination

8089293

Informations de copyright

Copyright © 2021 Adikwor Ewoenam Puplampu et al.

Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Références

Cad Saude Publica. 2007 Dec;23(12):2820-34
pubmed: 18157324
Nature. 2019 Jun;570(7760):189-193
pubmed: 31092927
Spat Spatiotemporal Epidemiol. 2019 Aug;30:100283
pubmed: 31421797
Int J Epidemiol. 1998 Feb;27(1):91-5
pubmed: 9563700
PLoS One. 2011 Mar 15;6(3):e17842
pubmed: 21423615
AIDS. 2007 Nov;21 Suppl 7:S5-S16
pubmed: 18040165
Lancet. 2005 Sep 24-30;366(9491):1057-8
pubmed: 16182881
Pediatrics. 1993 Jul;92(1):24-31
pubmed: 8516081
AIDS. 2008 Dec;22 Suppl 4:S17-25
pubmed: 19033752
Stud Fam Plann. 2010 Mar;41(1):1-17
pubmed: 21151707
BMC Med Res Methodol. 2003 Oct 20;3:21
pubmed: 14567763
PLoS One. 2013 May 23;8(5):e64881
pubmed: 23717672
Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2014 Sep;28(3):323-37
pubmed: 25151559
Sex Transm Infect. 2009 Apr;85 Suppl 1:i64-71
pubmed: 19307343
J Biosoc Sci. 2012 May;44(3):289-311
pubmed: 22067066
BMJ. 2002 Jan 26;324(7331):232-4
pubmed: 11809650
Open AIDS J. 2016 Apr 08;10:34-48
pubmed: 27347270
J Health Econ. 2013 Sep;32(5):863-72
pubmed: 23911724
AIDS Care. 2003 Jun;15(3):291-301
pubmed: 12745397

Auteurs

Adikwor Ewoenam Puplampu (AE)

Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana.

Seth Afagbedzi (S)

Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana.

Samuel Dery (S)

Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana.

Dzifa Adimle Puplampu (DA)

Center for Climate Change and Sustainable Studies, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana.

Chris Guure (C)

Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana.

Classifications MeSH