The role of neuroimaging in Parkinson's disease.
PET
Parkinson's disease
SPECT
alpha-synuclein
neurodegeneration
neuroimaging
Journal
Journal of neurochemistry
ISSN: 1471-4159
Titre abrégé: J Neurochem
Pays: England
ID NLM: 2985190R
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
11 2021
11 2021
Historique:
revised:
09
09
2021
received:
12
05
2021
accepted:
10
09
2021
pubmed:
18
9
2021
medline:
7
1
2022
entrez:
17
9
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that affects millions of people worldwide. Two hallmarks of PD are the accumulation of alpha-synuclein and the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the brain. There is no cure for PD, and all existing treatments focus on alleviating the symptoms. PD diagnosis is also based on the symptoms, such as abnormalities of movement, mood, and cognition observed in the patients. Molecular imaging methods such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), and positron emission tomography (PET) can detect objective alterations in the neurochemical machinery of the brain and help diagnose and study neurodegenerative diseases. This review addresses the application of functional MRI, PET, and SPECT in PD patients. We provide an overview of the imaging targets, discuss the rationale behind target selection, the agents (tracers) with which the imaging can be performed, and the main findings regarding each target's state in PD. Molecular imaging has proven itself effective in supporting clinical diagnosis of PD and has helped reveal that PD is a heterogeneous disorder, which has important implications for the development of future therapies. However, the application of molecular imaging for early diagnosis of PD or for differentiation between PD and atypical parkinsonisms has remained challenging. The final section of the review is dedicated to new imaging targets with which one can detect the PD-related pathological changes upstream from dopaminergic degeneration. The foremost of those targets is alpha-synuclein. We discuss the progress of tracer development achieved so far and challenges on the path toward alpha-synuclein imaging in humans.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34532856
doi: 10.1111/jnc.15516
pmc: PMC9291628
doi:
Substances chimiques
SNCA protein, human
0
alpha-Synuclein
0
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
660-689Informations de copyright
© 2021 The Authors. Journal of Neurochemistry published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Society for Neurochemistry.
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