Prevalence and predictors of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in east Africa: evidence from a systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological studies published from 2005 to 2020.
East Africa
HBsAg
Hepatitis B
Predictors
Prevalence
Journal
Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique
ISSN: 0778-7367
Titre abrégé: Arch Public Health
Pays: England
ID NLM: 9208826
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
18 Sep 2021
18 Sep 2021
Historique:
received:
20
03
2021
accepted:
02
09
2021
entrez:
19
9
2021
pubmed:
20
9
2021
medline:
20
9
2021
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
The epidemiology of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in the general population in east Africa is not well documented. In this meta-analysis, we examined 37 full published research articles to synthesise up-to-date data on the prevalence and predictors of the HBV burden for the effective prevention and management of the virus in our region. We examined 37 full published research articles found using PubMed, Scopus, African Journal Online (AJOL), and Google Scholar between May and October 2020. Dichotomous data on HBV prevalence and predictors of infection were extracted from the individual studies. The HBV prevalence, test of proportion, relative risk, and I The prevalence of HBV was generally high (6.025%), with publications from Kenya (8.54%), Uganda (8.454%) and those from between 2011 and 2015 (8.759%) reporting the highest prevalence (P < 0.05). Blood transfusion, scarification, promiscuity, HIV seropositivity, and being male were independent predictors significantly associated with HBV infection (P < 0.05), with the male sex being the most strongly associated predictor of HBV infection. Meta-regressions for the pooled HBV prevalence and sample size, as well as the year of publication, lacked statistical significance (P > 0.05). Omitting the study with the largest sample size slightly increased pooled HBV prevalence to 6.149%, suggesting that the studies are robust. Begg's test showed no evidence of publication bias for overall meta-analysis (p > 0.05). The burden of HBV is still high, with the male sex, blood transfusion, body scarification, and HIV seropositivity being potential predictors of infection. Thus, it is important to scale up control and prevention measures targeting persons at high risk.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND
The epidemiology of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in the general population in east Africa is not well documented. In this meta-analysis, we examined 37 full published research articles to synthesise up-to-date data on the prevalence and predictors of the HBV burden for the effective prevention and management of the virus in our region.
METHODS
METHODS
We examined 37 full published research articles found using PubMed, Scopus, African Journal Online (AJOL), and Google Scholar between May and October 2020. Dichotomous data on HBV prevalence and predictors of infection were extracted from the individual studies. The HBV prevalence, test of proportion, relative risk, and I
RESULTS
RESULTS
The prevalence of HBV was generally high (6.025%), with publications from Kenya (8.54%), Uganda (8.454%) and those from between 2011 and 2015 (8.759%) reporting the highest prevalence (P < 0.05). Blood transfusion, scarification, promiscuity, HIV seropositivity, and being male were independent predictors significantly associated with HBV infection (P < 0.05), with the male sex being the most strongly associated predictor of HBV infection. Meta-regressions for the pooled HBV prevalence and sample size, as well as the year of publication, lacked statistical significance (P > 0.05). Omitting the study with the largest sample size slightly increased pooled HBV prevalence to 6.149%, suggesting that the studies are robust. Begg's test showed no evidence of publication bias for overall meta-analysis (p > 0.05).
CONCLUSION
CONCLUSIONS
The burden of HBV is still high, with the male sex, blood transfusion, body scarification, and HIV seropositivity being potential predictors of infection. Thus, it is important to scale up control and prevention measures targeting persons at high risk.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34537079
doi: 10.1186/s13690-021-00686-1
pii: 10.1186/s13690-021-00686-1
pmc: PMC8449462
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Pagination
167Informations de copyright
© 2021. The Author(s).
Références
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2015 Mar;109(3):203-8
pubmed: 25636951
Pan Afr Med J. 2018 Oct 17;31:119
pubmed: 31037179
AIDS. 2013 Mar 27;27(6):919-927
pubmed: 23196935
BMC Infect Dis. 2017 Jan 6;17(1):32
pubmed: 28056881
HIV Med. 2014 Jul;15(6):347-54
pubmed: 24422893
BMC Res Notes. 2014 Dec 04;7:873
pubmed: 25475050
BMC Infect Dis. 2018 Sep 21;18(1):474
pubmed: 30241503
Am J Epidemiol. 1998 Mar 1;147(5):478-87
pubmed: 9525535
Lancet. 2015 Oct 17;386(10003):1546-55
pubmed: 26231459
J Med Virol. 2010 Sep;82(9):1569-75
pubmed: 20648611
BMC Infect Dis. 2015 Sep 23;15:386
pubmed: 26399765
Pan Afr Med J. 2016 Aug 17;24:315
pubmed: 28154670
MMWR Recomm Rep. 2008 Sep 19;57(RR-8):1-20
pubmed: 18802412
BMC Public Health. 2018 Apr 25;18(1):551
pubmed: 29699534
J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2011 Jan;26 Suppl 1:138-43
pubmed: 21199525
Eur J Epidemiol. 2010 Sep;25(9):603-5
pubmed: 20652370
PLoS One. 2018 May 2;13(5):e0196057
pubmed: 29718992
Biometrics. 1994 Dec;50(4):1088-101
pubmed: 7786990
Infect Dis Obstet Gynecol. 2016;2016:4359401
pubmed: 27578957
BMC Infect Dis. 2016 Mar 18;16:130
pubmed: 26987556
Pan Afr Med J. 2014 Mar 13;17:197
pubmed: 25396023
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2020 Dec;103(6):2460-2468
pubmed: 33025875
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2019 Oct 29;19(1):392
pubmed: 31664945
BMC Infect Dis. 2019 Oct 29;19(1):917
pubmed: 31664923
BMJ Open. 2014 Nov 11;4(11):e005889
pubmed: 25387757
J Clin Microbiol. 2009 May;47(5):1476-83
pubmed: 19297602
Afr Health Sci. 2005 Jun;5(2):93-8
pubmed: 16006214
Niger J Clin Pract. 2015 Mar-Apr;18(2):163-72
pubmed: 25665986
BMC Public Health. 2007 Nov 22;7:338
pubmed: 18031586
J Clin Virol. 2014 Sep;61(1):20-33
pubmed: 24973812
BMC Infect Dis. 2020 Jun 5;20(1):395
pubmed: 32503443
Syst Rev. 2021 Mar 29;10(1):89
pubmed: 33781348
Tanzan J Health Res. 2014 Jan;16(1):9-15
pubmed: 26867267
Hepatol Med Policy. 2018 Jan 06;3:3
pubmed: 30288326
World J Gastroenterol. 2018 Sep 14;24(34):3927-3957
pubmed: 30228786
J Med Virol. 2007 Dec;79(12):1797-801
pubmed: 17935164
Lancet. 2009 Feb 14;373(9663):582-92
pubmed: 19217993
Afr Health Sci. 2015 Jun;15(2):322-7
pubmed: 26124775
BMC Public Health. 2015 May 02;15:454
pubmed: 25933803
AIDS. 2008 Jun 19;22(10):1221-2
pubmed: 18525268
Eur J Med Res. 2016 Apr 14;21:16
pubmed: 27075475
BMC Infect Dis. 2019 May 3;19(1):381
pubmed: 31053097
Vaccine. 2013 Nov 12;31(47):5579-84
pubmed: 23973500
BMJ Open. 2020 Jun 3;10(6):e033043
pubmed: 32499255
Pan Afr Med J. 2017 Feb 20;26:72
pubmed: 28451049
Liver Int. 2008 Apr;28(4):525-31
pubmed: 18266635
BMJ Open. 2017 Jun 30;7(6):e015298
pubmed: 28667212
J Trop Med. 2017;2017:5629130
pubmed: 28828009
BMC Infect Dis. 2010 Jun 29;10:191
pubmed: 20587047
AIDS. 2017 Mar 27;31(6):781-786
pubmed: 28099188
BMC Public Health. 2013 Aug 07;13:727
pubmed: 23919752
Pan Afr Med J. 2020 Feb 12;35:43
pubmed: 32499858
Pan Afr Med J. 2015 Apr 24;20:406
pubmed: 26301010
J Hepatol. 2017 Jan;66(1):48-54
pubmed: 27592304
Virol J. 2018 Sep 25;15(1):148
pubmed: 30253805
Genet Epidemiol. 2005 Feb;28(2):123-37
pubmed: 15593093
J Med Virol. 2006 Aug;78(8):1035-42
pubmed: 16789015
PLoS One. 2013 May 22;8(5):e63303
pubmed: 23717409
Ann Glob Health. 2021 Feb 25;87(1):22
pubmed: 33665144
Virol J. 2011 Jan 12;8:12
pubmed: 21226907
BMC Infect Dis. 2017 Feb 22;17(1):167
pubmed: 28228126
Pan Afr Med J. 2017 Nov 28;28:275
pubmed: 29881515
BMC Res Notes. 2013 Sep 09;6:363
pubmed: 24016453
Biomed Res Int. 2020 Jun 17;2020:8578172
pubmed: 32685533
Pan Afr Med J. 2019 Sep 16;34:31
pubmed: 31762899
PLoS One. 2020 Dec 10;15(12):e0243656
pubmed: 33301507
Open Forum Infect Dis. 2016 Jul 29;3(3):ofw162
pubmed: 27704017
PLoS One. 2015 Jun 12;10(6):e0129247
pubmed: 26068212
J Trop Med. 2020 Feb 11;2020:5136785
pubmed: 32095141
PLoS One. 2020 Nov 18;15(11):e0242278
pubmed: 33206693
BMC Infect Dis. 2017 May 2;17(1):315
pubmed: 28464899
Afr Health Sci. 2009 Jun;9(2):98-108
pubmed: 19652743
HIV Med. 2008 Aug;9(7):526-34
pubmed: 18554310
BMC Res Notes. 2014 Jun 25;7:394
pubmed: 24965844
Virol J. 2020 Nov 7;17(1):170
pubmed: 33160386
BMC Public Health. 2006 Jan 30;6:21
pubmed: 16445860