Forehead Movement Discrepancies After Botulinum Toxin Injections: A Review of Etiology, Correction, and Prevention.
Journal
Dermatologic surgery : official publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [et al.]
ISSN: 1524-4725
Titre abrégé: Dermatol Surg
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 9504371
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
01 01 2022
01 01 2022
Historique:
pubmed:
20
9
2021
medline:
6
1
2022
entrez:
19
9
2021
Statut:
ppublish
Résumé
Forehead rhytides are a popular target for botulinum toxin injections, but neuromodulation of the frontalis can be fraught with complications because of its anatomic complexity and integral role in brow position and expressivity. This article explores common forehead movement discrepancies that can occur after neuromodulation of the frontalis, as well as how to correct and prevent them. A review of the literature was conducted and combined with clinical experience to examine underlying forehead anatomy, etiology and correction of forehead movement discrepancies, and important factors to consider before injecting the frontalis with botulinum toxin. Variable anatomy from person to person necessitates an individualized treatment approach to achieve the best cosmetic results and prevent the occurrence of forehead movement discrepancies.
Sections du résumé
BACKGROUND
Forehead rhytides are a popular target for botulinum toxin injections, but neuromodulation of the frontalis can be fraught with complications because of its anatomic complexity and integral role in brow position and expressivity.
OBJECTIVE
This article explores common forehead movement discrepancies that can occur after neuromodulation of the frontalis, as well as how to correct and prevent them.
METHODS
A review of the literature was conducted and combined with clinical experience to examine underlying forehead anatomy, etiology and correction of forehead movement discrepancies, and important factors to consider before injecting the frontalis with botulinum toxin.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION
Variable anatomy from person to person necessitates an individualized treatment approach to achieve the best cosmetic results and prevent the occurrence of forehead movement discrepancies.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34537780
doi: 10.1097/DSS.0000000000003218
pii: 00042728-202201000-00021
doi:
Substances chimiques
Botulinum Toxins
EC 3.4.24.69
Types de publication
Journal Article
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
94-100Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2021 by the American Society for Dermatologic Surgery, Inc. Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
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