Depression and Anxiety in Mothers Who Were Pregnant During the COVID-19 Outbreak in Northern Italy: The Role of Pandemic-Related Emotional Stress and Perceived Social Support.
COVID- 19
anxiety
depression
mothers
pandemic
pregnancy
social support
stress
Journal
Frontiers in psychiatry
ISSN: 1664-0640
Titre abrégé: Front Psychiatry
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101545006
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
2021
2021
Historique:
received:
28
05
2021
accepted:
09
08
2021
entrez:
20
9
2021
pubmed:
21
9
2021
medline:
21
9
2021
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
The COVID-19 pandemic is a collective trauma that is threatening citizens' mental health resulting in increased emotional stress, reduced social support, and heightened risk for affective symptoms. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of antenatal pandemic-related emotional stress and perceived social support on the symptoms of depression and anxiety of mothers who were pregnant during the initial COVID-19 outbreak in northern Italy. A sample of 281 mothers was enrolled at eight maternity units in the first hotspot region of the COVID-19 outbreak in northern Italy. Participants filled out online questionnaires assessing the direct or indirect exposure to the SARS-CoV-2 virus, pandemic-related stress, perceived social support, as well as symptoms of depression and anxiety. Depressive and anxious symptomatology was above clinical concern, respectively, in 26 and 32% of the respondents. Mothers who reported no exposure to SARS-CoV-2 during pregnancy and those who reported at least one direct or indirect exposure did not differ in terms of affective symptoms. Continuous scores and risk for severe depression and anxiety were positively associated with prenatal pandemic-related emotional stress and negatively linked with perceived social support during pregnancy. Women who become mothers during the COVID-19 emergency may be at high risk for affective problems. Dedicated preventive programs are needed to provide adequate preventive support and care for maternal mental health during and after the COVID-19 pandemic.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34539466
doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.716488
pmc: PMC8446509
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Pagination
716488Informations de copyright
Copyright © 2021 Grumi, Provenzi, Accorsi, Biasucci, Cavallini, Decembrino, Falcone, Fazzi, Gardella, Giacchero, Guerini, Grossi, Magnani, Mariani, Nacinovich, Pantaleo, Pisoni, Prefumo, Sabatini, Scelsa, Spartà, Spinillo, Giorda, Orcesi and Borgatti.
Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
Références
Dev Psychopathol. 2021 Jul 02;:1-9
pubmed: 34210369
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2005 Apr;29(2):237-58
pubmed: 15811496
Lancet Psychiatry. 2021 May;8(5):405-415
pubmed: 33773109
Early Hum Dev. 2020 May;144:105048
pubmed: 32360076
J Affect Disord. 2020 Dec 1;277:5-13
pubmed: 32777604
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2020 Oct;117:26-64
pubmed: 28757456
Psychol Trauma. 2020 Aug;12(S1):S252-S254
pubmed: 32510232
Int J Neurosci. 2004 Aug;114(8):933-45
pubmed: 15527200
Midwifery. 2016 Aug;39:112-23
pubmed: 27321728
Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2020 Aug;150(2):184-188
pubmed: 32474910
Dev Med Child Neurol. 2014 Mar;56(3):283-9
pubmed: 24512346
Ann Epidemiol. 2009 Sep;19(9):637-43
pubmed: 19443240
Psychol Med. 2014 Jan;44(1):71-84
pubmed: 23591021
Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2020 Jul;99(7):953-954
pubmed: 32474914
Front Psychiatry. 2020 Aug 13;11:817
pubmed: 32903863
Lancet. 2020 Feb 15;395(10223):470-473
pubmed: 31986257
Lancet. 2020 Apr 11;395(10231):1225-1228
pubmed: 32178769
Br J Psychiatry. 2017 May;210(5):315-323
pubmed: 28302701
J Affect Disord. 2020 Nov 1;276:765-774
pubmed: 32736186
Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM. 2020 May;2(2):100118
pubmed: 32292903
Pediatr Neonatol. 2015 Dec;56(6):376-81
pubmed: 26363772
JAMA. 2020 Apr 21;323(15):1441-1442
pubmed: 32167525
Brain Behav. 2020 Nov;10(11):e01835
pubmed: 32969190
J Clin Med. 2021 Jul 20;10(14):
pubmed: 34300358
Sci Rep. 2021 Aug 2;11(1):15658
pubmed: 34341434
J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2020 Nov 1;:1-8
pubmed: 33135523
Arch Womens Ment Health. 2003 Aug;6 Suppl 2:S43-50
pubmed: 14615922
J Affect Disord. 2015 Apr 1;175:385-95
pubmed: 25678171
Acta Paediatr. 2020 Mar;109(3):443-452
pubmed: 31603247
JAMA Pediatr. 2020 Jun 1;174(6):628
pubmed: 32167533
Brain Behav Immun. 2018 Oct;73:470-481
pubmed: 29920327
Front Psychiatry. 2018 Feb 01;8:248
pubmed: 29449816
Child Psychiatry Hum Dev. 2017 Dec;48(6):851-869
pubmed: 28124273
Psychiatry Res. 2020 Aug;290:113129
pubmed: 32485487
Early Hum Dev. 2013 Sep;89(9):621-4
pubmed: 23727060
J Trauma Stress. 2015 Dec;28(6):515-22
pubmed: 26584403
Child Care Health Dev. 2021 Jan;47(1):140-141
pubmed: 32978829
J Affect Disord. 2019 Jun 1;252:19-24
pubmed: 30954841
Health Psychol Rev. 2014;8(1):70-94
pubmed: 24489596
BMC Psychiatry. 2008 Apr 16;8:24
pubmed: 18412979
BMJ Open. 2020 Dec 31;10(12):e044585
pubmed: 33384402
Dev Psychopathol. 2020 Dec;32(5):1625-1639
pubmed: 33427164
Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 2010 Aug;50(4):340-5
pubmed: 20716261
Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2020 Jul 1;144(7):799-805
pubmed: 32180426
J Psychiatr Res. 2018 Sep;104:235-248
pubmed: 30114665
Infant Behav Dev. 2018 May;51:24-32
pubmed: 29544195
Infant Behav Dev. 2020 Aug;60:101468
pubmed: 32745812
Psychiatry Res. 2021 Jan;295:113567
pubmed: 33213933
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2018 Sep;57(9):645-657.e8
pubmed: 30196868
Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2020 Jul;99(7):823-829
pubmed: 32259279
Pediatr Res. 2016 Jan;79(1-1):107-13
pubmed: 26375472