The effect of orthodontic treatment on temporomandibular joint morphology in adult skeletal class II deep overbite patients.

To explore the morphological changes of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) in adult patients with skeletal class II deep overbite before and after orthodontic treatment, and to analyze the effect of the orthodontic treatment. A total of 40 adult skeletal class II deep overbite patients were recruited as the study cohort. For each subject, the morphology and position of the TMJ were determined using cone beam computed tomography. Compared with before the treatment, the morphology of the condyle changed. The maximum cross-sectional area of the condyle in the axial plane and the condyle neck anteroposterior diameter in the coronal plane were reduced. The condylar apex height in the sagittal plane and the anterior condyle oblique inclination increased with statistically significant differences (all P<0.001). There were more patients who showed their condyles moving forward and their condyles in the middlee after the treatment compared with before the treatment, and with a statistically significant difference (P=0.002). The morphology of the glenoid fossa changed after the treatment. The articular eminence to the FH plane angle in the sagittal plane and the inclination of the posterior glenoid increased. The total height of the fossa increased with statistically significant differences (all P<0.001). TMJs can be adaptive to reconstruction. Orthodontic treatment shows a favorable efficacy in skeletal class ll deep overbite patients.

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