A Tunguska sized airburst destroyed Tall el-Hammam a Middle Bronze Age city in the Jordan Valley near the Dead Sea.


Journal

Scientific reports
ISSN: 2045-2322
Titre abrégé: Sci Rep
Pays: England
ID NLM: 101563288

Informations de publication

Date de publication:
20 09 2021
Historique:
received: 05 06 2021
accepted: 30 08 2021
entrez: 21 9 2021
pubmed: 22 9 2021
medline: 22 9 2021
Statut: epublish

Résumé

We present evidence that in ~ 1650 BCE (~ 3600 years ago), a cosmic airburst destroyed Tall el-Hammam, a Middle-Bronze-Age city in the southern Jordan Valley northeast of the Dead Sea. The proposed airburst was larger than the 1908 explosion over Tunguska, Russia, where a ~ 50-m-wide bolide detonated with ~ 1000× more energy than the Hiroshima atomic bomb. A city-wide ~ 1.5-m-thick carbon-and-ash-rich destruction layer contains peak concentrations of shocked quartz (~ 5-10 GPa); melted pottery and mudbricks; diamond-like carbon; soot; Fe- and Si-rich spherules; CaCO

Identifiants

pubmed: 34545151
doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-97778-3
pii: 10.1038/s41598-021-97778-3
pmc: PMC8452666
doi:

Types de publication

Journal Article Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Langues

eng

Sous-ensembles de citation

IM

Pagination

18632

Commentaires et corrections

Type : ErratumIn
Type : CommentIn
Type : ErratumIn

Informations de copyright

© 2021. The Author(s).

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Auteurs

Ted E Bunch (TE)

Geology Program, School of Earth and Sustainability, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, 86011, USA.

Malcolm A LeCompte (MA)

Center of Excellence in Remote Sensing Education and Research, Elizabeth City State University, Elizabeth City, NC, 27909, USA.

A Victor Adedeji (AV)

Department of Natural Sciences, Elizabeth City State University, Elizabeth City, NC, 27909, USA.

James H Wittke (JH)

Geology Program, School of Earth and Sustainability, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, 86011, USA.

T David Burleigh (TD)

Materials and Metallurgical Engineering, New Mexico Institute On Mining & Technology, Socorro, NM, 87801, USA.

Robert E Hermes (RE)

Los Alamos National Laboratory (Retired), Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA.

Charles Mooney (C)

Analytical Instrumentation Facility, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA.

Dale Batchelor (D)

EAG Laboratories, Eurofins Materials Science, Raleigh, NC, 27606, USA.

Wendy S Wolbach (WS)

Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, DePaul University, Chicago, IL, 60614, USA.

Joel Kathan (J)

Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, DePaul University, Chicago, IL, 60614, USA.

Gunther Kletetschka (G)

Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska Fairbanks, 903 Koyukuk Drive, College, AK, 99775, USA.
Faculty of Science, Charles University, Albertov 6, Prague, 12843, Czech Republic.

Mark C L Patterson (MCL)

Southern Research Institute, 757 Tom Martin Drive, Birmingham, AL, 35211, USA.

Edward C Swindel (EC)

US Navy, NAVFAC Mid-Atlantic Region, NS Norfolk, VA, 23511, USA.

Timothy Witwer (T)

Comet Research Group, Prescott, AZ, 86301, USA.

George A Howard (GA)

Restoration Systems, L.L.C., Raleigh, NC, 27604, USA.

Siddhartha Mitra (S)

Department of Geological Sciences, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, 27858, USA.

Christopher R Moore (CR)

Savannah River Archaeological Research Program, South Carolina Institute of Archaeology and Anthropology, University of South Carolina, New Ellenton, SC, 29809, USA.

Kurt Langworthy (K)

CAMCOR, University of Oregon, 1443 E 13th Ave, Eugene, OR, 97403, USA.

James P Kennett (JP)

Department of Earth Science and Marine Science Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA.

Allen West (A)

Comet Research Group, Prescott, AZ, 86301, USA. CometResearchGroup@gmail.com.

Phillip J Silvia (PJ)

College of Archaeology, Trinity Southwest University, Albuquerque, NM, 87109, USA.

Classifications MeSH