Leishmania tarentolae and Leishmania infantum in humans, dogs and cats in the Pelagie archipelago, southern Italy.
Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Animals
Blotting, Western
/ veterinary
Cat Diseases
/ epidemiology
Cats
Dog Diseases
/ epidemiology
Dogs
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
/ veterinary
Female
Humans
Italy
/ epidemiology
Leishmania infantum
/ genetics
Leishmaniasis, Visceral
/ diagnosis
Male
Middle Aged
Prevalence
Public Health
Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
/ veterinary
Serologic Tests
Sicily
/ epidemiology
Surveys and Questionnaires
Young Adult
Journal
PLoS neglected tropical diseases
ISSN: 1935-2735
Titre abrégé: PLoS Negl Trop Dis
Pays: United States
ID NLM: 101291488
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
09 2021
09 2021
Historique:
received:
11
06
2021
accepted:
16
09
2021
revised:
05
10
2021
pubmed:
24
9
2021
medline:
15
12
2021
entrez:
23
9
2021
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) caused by Leishmania infantum is endemic in the Mediterranean basin with most of the infected human patients remaining asymptomatic. Recently, the saurian-associated Leishmania tarentolae was detected in human blood donors and in sheltered dogs. The circulation of L. infantum and L. tarentolae was investigated in humans, dogs and cats living in the Pelagie islands (Sicily, Italy) by multiple serological and molecular testing. Human serum samples (n = 346) were tested to assess the exposure to L. infantum by immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blot (WB) and to L. tarentolae by IFAT. Meanwhile, sera from dogs (n = 149) and cats (n = 32) were tested for both Leishmania species by IFAT and all blood samples, including those of humans, by specific sets of real time-PCR for L. infantum and L. tarentolae. The agreement between serological tests performed for human samples, and between serological and molecular diagnostic techniques for both human and animal samples were also assessed. Overall, 41 human samples (11.8%, 95% CI: 8.9-15.7) were positive to L. infantum (5.2%, 95% CI: 3.3-8.1), L. tarentolae (5.2%, 95% CI: 3.3-8.1) and to both species (1.4%, 95% CI: 0.6-3.3) by serology and/or molecular tests. A good agreement among the serological tests was determined. Both Leishmania spp. were serologically and/or molecularly detected in 39.6% dogs and 43.7% cats. In addition to L. infantum, also L. tarentolae circulates in human and animal populations, raising relevant public health implications. Further studies should investigate the potential beneficial effects of L. tarentolae in the protection against L. infantum infection.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34555036
doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009817
pii: PNTD-D-21-00860
pmc: PMC8491888
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
Pagination
e0009817Déclaration de conflit d'intérêts
The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
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