The Immune Privilege of Cancer Stem Cells: A Key to Understanding Tumor Immune Escape and Therapy Failure.
cancer stem cells
immune escape
immunogenicity
immunotherapy
tumor microenvironment
Journal
Cells
ISSN: 2073-4409
Titre abrégé: Cells
Pays: Switzerland
ID NLM: 101600052
Informations de publication
Date de publication:
08 09 2021
08 09 2021
Historique:
received:
30
07
2021
revised:
04
09
2021
accepted:
06
09
2021
entrez:
28
9
2021
pubmed:
29
9
2021
medline:
18
11
2021
Statut:
epublish
Résumé
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are broadly considered immature, multipotent, tumorigenic cells within the tumor mass, endowed with the ability to self-renew and escape immune control. All these features contribute to place CSCs at the pinnacle of tumor aggressiveness and (immune) therapy resistance. The immune privileged status of CSCs is induced and preserved by various mechanisms that directly affect them (e.g., the downregulation of the major histocompatibility complex class I) and indirectly are induced in the host immune cells (e.g., activation of immune suppressive cells). Therefore, deeper insights into the immuno-biology of CSCs are essential in our pursuit to find new therapeutic opportunities that eradicate cancer (stem) cells. Here, we review and discuss the ability of CSCs to evade the innate and adaptive immune system, as we offer a view of the immunotherapeutic strategies adopted to potentiate and address specific subsets of (engineered) immune cells against CSCs.
Identifiants
pubmed: 34572009
pii: cells10092361
doi: 10.3390/cells10092361
pmc: PMC8469208
pii:
doi:
Types de publication
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review
Langues
eng
Sous-ensembles de citation
IM
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